IntroducciónEl hematoma retroperitoneal espontáneo (HRE) corresponde a una colección hemática situada en cualquiera de los 3 compartimentos retroperitoneales: pararrenal anterior, perirrenal y pararrenal posterior. Se produce sin que exista traumatismo, manipulación endourológica o endovascular previa de los elementos del retroperitoneo (1) . En la literatura no se han descrito diferencias entre el HRE y la hemorragia retroperitoneal espontánea, por lo que se las considerará sinónimos para fines de esta revisión. Es un cuadro clínico de difícil diagnóstico, que inicialmente puede ser oligosintomático (1) , sin embargo, su detección oportuna es fundamental, ya que el retraso diagnóstico determina una alta morbi-mortalidad.La etiología más frecuente de hematoma retroperitoneal espontáneo es la rotura de un aneurisma de la aorta abdominal. Otras causas de menor frecuencia son: hemorragias espontáneas de tumores renales o suprarrenales, otros tumores sólidos retroperitoneales, terapia anticoagulante, discrasias sanguíneas y patología litiásica de la vía urinaria, entre otros (1,2) . Además, se describe asociación con hipertensión arterial y arterioloesclerosis (3) . La presentación clínica del HRE se caracteriza por masa abdominal palpable, dolor lumboabdominal, hipotensión y caída del hematocrito (1,3) . Las caracterís-ticas e intensidad del dolor son variables y dependen, entre otros factores, de la localización y magnitud del hematoma. Se ha descrito irradiación del dolor hacia Retroperitoneal hematoma of unusual cause: A case report Abstract: The spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma (SRH) is defined as a spontaneous hematic collection located in any of the retroperitoneal compartments. The most frequently encountered cause of retroperitoneal hemorrhage is a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, followed by renal and adrenal tumors, along with some other less common causes. Performing accurate diagnosis of patients at admission has proven to be difficult, given that the clinical presentation is ample and variable and may mimic other pictures of abdominal or lower back pain. Imaging techniques, mainly angiography, computed tomography, and MR Imaging, represent a fundamental tool for both timely diagnosis and proper management of the condition. We report the case of a 56-year-old male patient with diagnosis of HIV, who presented with a history of abdominal pain and palpable abdominal mass. After a thorough imaging evaluation, patient was diagnosed with retroperitoneal hematoma, whose histological analysis revealed a Burkitt lymphoma.H e m a t o m a r e t r o p e r i t o n e a l d e c a u s a i n f r e c u e n t e
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