Avocado is one of the most important crops in the world, and Mexico is the largest producer of this fruit. Several insect pests affect its production, and thrips are amongst the most important. A key step in the design of control methods is accurate species identification. Despite this, formal reports on species diversity of thrips in Mexico are very scarce. Morphological identification can sometimes be time-consuming and inconclusive. Therefore, we explored the species diversity of thrips in Mexican avocado orchards (Michoacan state) based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). Forty-four specimens were analysed, which represented approximately 8% of all individuals collected from five localities distributed in three Municipalities. All specimens were analysed using the COI marker, and specimens within the genera Frankliniella were also analysed using a marker within the D2 domain of the 28S (28SD2) nuclear ribosomal DNA. Molecular identifications were confirmed using morphological taxonomy. Overall, six genera were found (Neohydatothrips, Scirtothrips, Frankliniella, Arorathrips, Caliothrips and Leptothrips). All genera contained only one species, except Frankliniella, for which there were six species. Data from the two molecular markers suggest the existence of cryptic species within Mexican F. occidentalis populations.
<p>La papa (<em>Solanum tuberosum</em> L.) es uno de los cultivos de mayor consumo humano a nivel mundial. El cultivo es amenazado desde sus inicios por distintos organismos; algunos de ellos ocasionan daños superficiales en los tubérculos, que reducen la calidad y apariencia lo que provoca el rechazo por el consumidor. De un total de 34 muestras de tubérculos de papa destinados para consumo humano, obtenidas mediante muestreo visual dirigido, en la Central de Abastos de Ecatepec, se identificaron a los microorganismos asociados a algún daño físico o alteración superficial; además, de manchas atípicas en la superficie de tubérculos. Del total de las muestras en el 50% se identificaron a las bacterias <em>Enterobacter aerogenes</em>, <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em> y <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. En el 41% se identificaron a hongos y protozoarios como <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em>, <em>F. solani</em>, <em>F. verticillioides</em>, <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em>, <em>Alternaria</em> sp., <em>Colletotrichum</em> sp., <em>Clonostachys</em> sp., <em>Geotrichum</em> sp., y <em>Spongospora subterranea</em> f. sp. <em>subterranea</em>. Del 9% de las muestras restantes no se identificó ningún organismo relacionado al daño.</p>
El manzano es uno de los principales frutales de importancia económica para México. Se ve afectado por diferentes plagas, una de ellas el caracol común de jardín (Helix aspersa), que se alimenta de hojas y fruta en desarrollo en la localidad de Mesa Miñaca, Guerrero, Chihuahua, desde 2013. A la fecha se desconocen las causas que han favorecido la presencia y dispersión de la plaga en esa localidad.
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