Upper eyelid blepharoplasty is one of the most frequently performed surgeries by plastic surgeons worldwide. A prospective observational study was conducted to describe the anthropometric measurements of the upper eyelid and eyebrow in a Mexican population. The researcher measured the anthropometry of the eyelids and eyebrows to establish the diagnosis and surgical plan according to the checklist created and applied by the plastic and reconstructive surgery service. In anatomical position with a caliper instrument, the marginal reflex distance (MRD1), the tarsal thickness, the length of the vertical and horizontal slit, and finally the distance at which the external canthus is located with respect to the internal canthus were measured in millimeters. For the anthropometry of the eyebrows, the distance from the eyebrows to the hairline, the position in millimeters of the orbital rim with respect to the eyebrow, and the angle of its apex were measured. A sample of 210 patients was obtained, of which 65 were male and 145 females, divided by age groups. It was observed that in the three age groups, females presented a vertical palpebral fissure with a higher mean than males. Similar is the case of tarsal thickness, in which the difference was significantly greater in the female of the three age groups. On the other hand, it was observed that the horizontal slit in males was higher than that of females, while the MDR1 was similar in both sexes. Finally, it was identified that in the group of 41 to 50 years old significant decreases are observed both in the vertical cleft, tarsal thickness

Introduction: Breast cancer represents a pathology that generates catastrophic impact and has recently increased its incidence and survival due to timely diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, improving the quality of life of cancer survivors has become a priority, offering reconstructive procedures that reduce complications, costs, hospital stay, and optimize resources. Material and methods: 264 patients reconstructed with autologous tissue (TRAM flap and latissimus dorsi) and alloplastic (breast tissue expander-breast implant and direct breast implant) were included. Variables such as demographic, anthropometric, and histologic type were collected. Results: 62% were reconstructed through the use of alloplastics and 38% with autologous tissue. The risk factors related to a greater probability of immediate postoperative complications (surgical site infection, surgical wound dehiscence and reconstruction failure) were obesity (OR: 2.1, CI: 1.5 -2.7), preoperative radiation (OR: 1.89, CI: 1.75 -1.92), arterial hypertension (OR: 1.2), Diabetes Mellitus (OR: 1.78) and smoking (OR: 1.31). Conclusions: The reconstructive process is complex and influenced by patient factors, surgeon experience and the hospital center. However, when choosing the reconstructive strategy, risk factors present in each patient must be considered, since radiation and obesity present a greater probability of postoperative complications.

Introduction: The nostril sill is defined as the “facial subunit composed of fibro-adipose soft tissue whose topographic delimitation is given by four anatomical limits: the medial crura of the columella on its medial limit, the nasal wing on its lateral limit, the nasal vestibule in its upper limit, and the upper lip on the lower limit.” It represents an essential element in the appearance, balance, and function of the nose. The study and classification of the nostril sill in the healthy Mexican pediatric population are the necessary tools for facial reconstruction since it is generally affected in patients with cleft lip and palate and craniofacial malformations. Objective: The objective of the study is to describe the nostril sill in the Mexican pediatric population using standardized photographs taken in frontal and basal projections and classifying according to Oh et al. and to study if there is a significant relationship between nostril sill with age and gender. Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample size of 83 healthy children aged between 3 and 12 years, simple randomly chosen. The classification was performed with facial photographs in frontal and basal projections. The data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics, kappa concordance coefficient was used between observers, and bivariate analysis was used to evaluate the association of the nostril sill classification with age and gender. Results: Of the 83 volunteers, 51.8% (n = 43) were female and 48.2% (n = 40) male, with a mean age of 7.38 years. The 74.6% (n = 62) were classified as a nostril sill Type I, 14.4% (n = 12) as Type III, and 10.8% (n = 9) as Type II, with a Cohen's kappa coefficient between observers of 0.92 (almost perfect agreement). In the bivariate analysis with Chi-square test, no statistically significant association was found between age (P = 0.420) and sex (P = 0.524). Conclusion: The nostril sill of the nostril represents a fundamental nasal subunit that every reconstructive surgeon must recognize and locate. It is crucial to describe and classify the nostril sill according to ethnic and racial characteristics, in the Mexican pediatric population, the most frequent corresponds to Type I, followed by Type III and finally the least frequent Type II, and that gender and age are not associated with a specific type.

No abstract

Background: Neurofribromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is the most common type of neurogenetic disorder with a worldwide incidence of between 1 in 2,600 and 1 in 3,000. The approach and treatment of NF1 must be multidisciplinary because of the complexity of the disease. There is no specific treatment for NF1. Plastic surgeons are frequently involved in the surgical management of patients with head and neck involvement.Case presentation: A 42-year-old man patient presents with the diagnosis of NF1. A multidisciplinary approach was carried out. MRI ruled out CNS involvement. Due to the extension of the plexiform neurofibromas and the absence of donor areas for skin grafts, surgical resection of neurofibromas that compromised facial aesthetic subunits, as well as those in the larger joint and fold sites, was performed. The procedure was performed with two teams of plastic surgeons, performing an immediate reconstruction. The patient was discharged without complications.Discussion: NF1 is the most common variant and represents up to 97% of all diagnosed neurofibromatosis. Neurofibromas are benign tumors, and most of them begin to appear near puberty, and their location can affect any anatomical site. The craniofacial area and the neck are affected in more than 10% of all cases and are the most affected by plexiform neurofibromas. There is no effective treatment to prevent disease progression. Patients' priority from the point of view of plastic surgery is a functional and aesthetic correction, avoiding facial and body disfigurements. Today, there is no accepted gold standard surgical technique.Conclusion: The approach and treatment of these patients must be through a multidisciplinary group due to their high complexity. The plastic surgeon's treatment should focus on the restoration of function as a priority and restoration of aesthetics as a secondary goal. Careful and individualized pre-surgical planning must be done.