Multi‐scale transgressive–regressive cycles from the mid‐Jurassic were recognised in the Central Lusitanian Basin, Portugal. These cycles allow the depositional evolution of the basin to be better understood and aid in the construction of stratigraphic sequences composed of three hierarchies. The stacking pattern of high‐frequency transgressive–regressive sequences forms larger clusters that define medium‐frequency transgressive–regressive sequences. Likewise, the stacking pattern of medium‐frequency transgressive–regressive sequences generates two Bathonian–early Callovian low‐frequency transgressive–regressive sequences. Integration of several methods supported the interpretation of facies associations representing clastic deposition in offshore to shoreface environments and carbonate sediments in outer to inner ramp settings. New data from calcareous nannofossils and dinoflagellate assemblages constrained the interval's Bathonian–early Callovian age, thus unveiling the Middle–Upper Jurassic disconformity and filling the Middle Jurassic stratigraphic record gap in the Central Lusitanian Basin. This study may be helpful for similar successions in Tethyan domains and comparable depositional settings elsewhere.

With standardized methodology and nomenclature, the sequence stratigraphy aims to characterize multi-scale cyclical units of genetically related rocks into a hierarchical chronostratigraphic framework. From facies to basin scale, the stacking patterns and stratigraphic surfaces are recognized as sequence elements. In parallel, Earth sciences have developed a sophisticated understanding of geological processes (tectonic, climatic, and eustatic) that produce the main cyclicity observed in the sedimentary rock record. This review paper discusses how the elaboration of hierarchical stratigraphic frameworks that incorporate the knowledge of these periodic geological processes -from high-to low-frequencies -as the control of generation and preservation of sequences -from high-to low-resolutions -guarantees objective results in predicting vertical recurrence and the lateral correlation of genetic stratigraphic units. This interpretive approach of cyclic stratigraphic analysis supports the development of effective observable criteria to identify and rank sequences in multiple scales, based on cycle anatomy, recurrence, vertical trends, and mappability. This methodological improvement reduces the inaccuracies and contradictions of traditional conceptual models based on fully preserved three-dimensional depositional systems.

Na Folha Presidente Olegário (SE.2E-Y-B-I), região noroeste de Minas Gerais, afloram essencialmente associações rochosas pertencentes à Bacia do São Francisco. Os litotipos mais antigos são atribuídos ao neoproterozóico e correspondem ao Grupo Bambuí. Nesta unidade foram reconhecidas as formações Lagoa do Jacaré (calcarenito, calcissiltito, biolitito, dolomito, marga e siltito), Serra da Saudade (siltito e lentes de calcissiltito) e Três Marias (arenito feldspático e siltito), sendo ainda acrescida da recém designada Formação Lagoa Formosa (siltito e diamictito). De maneira geral, estas associações litológicas correspondem a uma sedimentação marinha plataformal em bacia do tipo foreland. Em discordância com o Grupo Bambuí ocorrem espessos depósitos cretáceos pertencentes aos grupos Areado e Mata da Corda. Estas unidades têm sua gênese relacionada ao estiramento crustal produzido durante a abertura do Atlântico Sul. No Eocretáceo esta fase de tectônica distensiva foi responsável pela formação de um conjunto de falhamentos normais e pela reativação de algumas descontinuidades proterozóicas. A partir da movimentação de blocos se desenvolveu uma bacia receptora, com geometria graben-horst, onde depositaram-se as formações Abaeté (conglomerados, brechas e arenitos), Quiricó (siltito, argilito, folhelho e subordinadamente, arenito fino a grosso) e Três Barras (arenitos estratificados), pertencentes ao Grupo Areado. Por fim, rochas vulcânicas, piroclásticas e epiclásticas atribuídas ao Grupo Mata da Corda evidenciam uma atividade magmática produzida durante o Neocretáceo.Palavras Chave: Litostratigrafia, Evolução Sedimentar, Bacia do São Francisco Abstract: GEOLOGY OF BAMBUI, AREADO AND MATA DA CORDA GROUPS IN THE PRESIDENTE OLEGÁRIO SHEET (1:100.000), MG: NEOPROTEROZOIC TO LATE CRETACEOUS DEPOSITIONAL RECORD OF THE SÃO FRANCISCO BASIN. In Presidente Olegario Sheet (SE.2E-Y-B-I), northwestern of Minas Gerais state, occurs essentially sedimentary rocks related to São Francisco Basin. The oldest rocks are assigned to the Neoproterozoic and correspond to the Bambuí Group. In this unit were recognized the following formations: Lagoa do Jacaré (calcarenite, calcisiltite, biolithite, dolomite, marl and siltstone), Serra da Saudade (siltstone and lenses of calcisiltites) and Três Marias (feldspathic sandstone and siltstone), with the addition of the newly designated Lagoa Formosa Formation (siltstone and diamictite). In general, these lithological associations represent a marine shelf sedimentation in a foreland basin. In unconformity with the Bambuí Group occur thick cretaceous deposits of the Areado and Mata da Corda groups. These units have their genesis related to crustal stretching produced during the opening of the South Atlantic. At the Early Cretaceous, extensional tectonic was responsible for the development of a normal faults system and reactivation of some proterozoic discontinuities. With the displacement of blocks a receiving basin, with horst-graben geometry, was developed, taking the deposition of the Abaeté (conglomerates, breccias and sandstones), Quiricó (siltstone, mudstone, shale and subordinate sandstone) e Três Barras (stratified sandstones) formations, in Areado Group. Finally, volcanic, pyroclastic and epiclastic rocks of the Mata da Corda Group was deposited, showing a intense magmatic activity in Late Cretaceous.Keywords: Lithostratigraphy, Sedimentary Evolution, São Francisco Basin