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This research developed a system that can make factories more independent from the grid. The system enhances efficiency since factory operation is powered by the renewable energy generated during the production process. Winemaking is a key sector that can profit from such a system because wineries can recycle much of the waste from the raw materials employed in wine production. Moreover, the solar energy collected at winemaking facilities can also be used to reduce electricity consumption and thus increase energy efficiency. This study investigated the feasibility of using renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, in wineries in Spain, given the quantity of renewable energy produced in the country. For this purpose, cost-effectiveness, power generation, CO 2 emissions and the renewable energy fraction were taken into account. The assumption was that the photovoltaic system was grid-connected. Research results showed a reduction in electrical power costs ranging from 4% to 36%. This reduction was accompanied by an increase in the use of renewable energy of up to 57%. The results obtained are based on self-consumption or net metering policy as well as the production capacity of the winery.

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Available online xxxKeywords: Permanent magnet synchronous generator Aggregated wind farm model Equivalent wind method Approximate mechanical torque method Equivalent wind turbine rotor method a b s t r a c t This paper evaluates the responses of three aggregated models of a wind farm consisting of variable speed permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbines when wind fluctuations or grid disturbances occur. These responses are compared with those of the detailed wind farm model, in order to verify the effectiveness of the studied aggregation methods for this type of wind farms. The equivalent wind farm models have been developed by adapting different aggregation criteria that already exist in technical literature and had been applied to other technologies. In this work, these methods have been modified to suit them to the permanent magnet synchronous generator technology. The results show that the three aggregated models provide very similar results to the detailed model, both in the evolution of active power when fluctuations in wind speed occur, and in the active power and DC-link voltage during the two simulated voltage dips. Notably, the aggregated model with an approximate mechanical torque offers excellent results.