Directly active mutagens are formed on exposure of the promutagen benzo[a]pyrene to gaseous pollutants in smog. In simulated atmospheres containing 1 part per million nitrogen dioxide and traces of nitric acid, directly mutagenic nitro derivatives are readily formed from both benzo[a]pyrene and perylene, a non-mutagen in the Ames reversion assay. Possible formation of direct mutagens by such reactions on sample collection filters, in exhaust effluents, and in the atmosphere should be recognized.

The Virgo Experiment is a gravitational wave interferometric detector. It consists in a Michelson interferometer with two 3 km long Fabry‐Perot cavities as orthogonal arms. The installation of the detector has been completed in September 2003 and presently the apparatus is under commissioning. In this article an overview of the detector status is presented

Detailed theoretical (Part I, this article) and experimental (Part II) investigations are presented for the mechanism of the atmospheric photooxidation of dimethyl sulfide (CH,SCH,) and dimethyi disulfide (CH,SSCH,). In this paper, comprehensive mechanisms for the atmospheric chemistry of CH,SCH, and CH,SSCH, are developed based on fundamental considerations of all available kinetic and mechanistic information.

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