Palabras clave: teleología, adaptación, transformismo, selección natural, Darwin.
AbstractAre species real categories or just conventions? Are species natural kinds? Are teleological statements a distinctive feature of biology? Can life sciences escape from teleology? These are common issues in philosophy of biology. This paper aims to show that in order to La evolución de la biología y la biología evolucionista: especie y finalidad CC BY-NC-ND 396 answer to each of these questions it is inevitable to take a position respecting the others. Therefore, there is a historical relation between the concept of species and teleological issues. In order to analyse such relation, I will take a historical perspective.After making such historical reconstruction focused on the Aristotle, Linnaeus, Buffon and Lamarck thoughts, I will analyse the Darwinian peculiar view respect teleology and his ideas about species. Although Darwin set out the collapse of teleological essentialisms in biology, there are important vestiges of teleology in his theory.
Este artículo se propone mostrar cómo la filosofía de Kant supone una ruptura con las filosofías basadas en un sistema de racionalidad absoluta, donde el elemento cumbre es la unidad de la razón. De esta forma, se tratará de subrayar las principales críticas del filósofo prusiano a las teorías cimentadas en la unidad de la razón y en el acceso directo a la realidad, así como también exponer la propuesta kantiana de una estructura racional formal unitaria, pero que consta de varios usos irreconciliables.
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