Contrary to other published series, the use of the Surgisis anal plug was associated with a low rate of fistula healing and a high incidence of perianal sepsis. The addition of a transanal advancement flap to the procedure may improve success rates.

Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy is a viable procedure during cholecystectomy in which Calot's triangle cannot be dissected. It averts the need for a laparotomy.

Patient satisfaction and post operative continence scores at 1 year post operatively are comparable for open and Ligasure haemorrhoidectomy.

The tumour features that are indications for defunctioning as advised by the UK IMRT guidelines are associated with a poorer overall outcome, and these stomas are less likely to be reversed. The majority of stomas, however, were formed for anterior tumours without infiltration into the vagina and were more likely to be successfully reversed.