A method for the coordination of multiple battery energy storage systems (BESSs) is proposed for voltage control in low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs). The main objective of this method is to solve over-voltage problems with multiple suitably sized energy storage systems. The performance of coordinated control is compared with noncoordinated control using both a real-time digital simulator and a MATLAB model of a real U.K. LVDN with a high installed capacity of solar photovoltaics. This is used to show that coordinated control is robust and effective at preventing voltage rise problems in LVDNs. The proposed coordinated control scheme is able to use the BESSs more evenly, and therefore reduces the costs of battery replacement to the storage operator in terms of both number of batteries and maintenance visits.Index Terms-Battery energy storage systems (BESSs), coordinated voltage control, distributed generation, low-voltage distribution network (LVDN), real-time digital simulator.

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This paper shows how a high penetration of PV generation in LV distribution networks can generate voltage problems, such as voltage rise and voltage unbalance. High resolution solar irradiance data from representative days is used in a network model along with real demand profiles. To reduce the voltage problems, excess power from PV sources need to be managed. A lab based battery energy storage system interfaced through a three phase power amplifier to a Real Time Digital Simulator using "power hardware in the loop" has been used to reduce the voltage problems generated by PV generation. This shows how storage is used in real time to effectively reduce voltage problems.