Aim: The study evaluates how COVID-19 safety rules were applied in construction sites in Anambra state, Nigeria. Study Design: The study being a survey research was effected through literature review, a well-structured questionnaire and interview. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in Anambra State, Nigeria for a period of 6 months. Methodology: Being a survey research, questionnaire containing information relating to COVID-19 guidelines were randomly administered to selected construction practitioners in Anambra State, Nigeria. Accordingly, a total of 84 questionnaires were administered while 81 copies were completed, returned and found useful. This corresponds to a response rate of 96%. The data were analyzed using Relative importance index and ranked appropriately. Results: The study found out that maintaining stay at home policy if one is sick (0.827), use of face covering/face mask (0.793), placing wash stations or hand sanitizers in multiple locations at construction sites (0.714), maintaining a daily attendance log for all staff and visitors (0.689) and use of provision of personal protective equipment (0.679) are the commonly used covid-19 safety guideline in the study area. The study also, observed that greater percent of the COVID-19 safety guidelines are rarely applied in the study area. Conclusion: The study concluded by recommending that construction sites in the study area should integrate the recommended safety guidelines in its daily operations and/or activities despite the fact that such practices may attract extra cost and disrupt site activities were contacts are necessary as well as take more time to adjust to the new normal in construction.

The study evaluates the factors confronting the present-day construction practices in South-East Nigeria. Being a survey research, questionnaires containing information relating to factors/challenges affecting construction practices were randomly administered to selected construction practitioners in South-Eastern States of Nigeria. Accordingly, a total of 240 questionnaires were administered to the selected respondents while 160 copies were completed, returned and found useful. Thus, giving a response rate of 66.67%. Data collected were analysed and presented using percentages, mean scores, principal and factor analysis, z-test and tables. The study found that the core factors that constrain present-day construction in the study area are issues related to inadequate/dearth of technical and managerial expertise, corruption and poor project planning and control; which significantly affect operational effectiveness of the construction industry in the study area. Therefore, the study concluded by recommending that thorough capacity building through training or retraining programme which should centre on areas of the issues identified should be religiously pursued in the study area.

Researches have shown that effective communication is a challenge for project managers and stakeholders at all levels within an organization. Project managers experience the greatest challenge to set up and regulate communications that support a project overall. This, therefore, makes effective communication and linguistic clarity in construction management practices a sine qua non for achieving the expected results. Although a lot of studies have been carried out on effective communication both within construction management practices and beyond, very few studies have looked at effective communication and linguistic clarity among construction managers in Anambra State. Given the foregoing, there are several things we are not aware of. First, we do not know the types of language and methods of communication that are employed on construction sites in Anambra State. Also, our knowledge is limited to how effective communication aid in enhancing the performance of construction organization in Anambra State. In addition, we are not aware of the challenges confronting effective communication and linguistic clarity in construction organization within the state. Likewise, we do not know what identifiable solutions had been proffered towards language barrier and challenges confronting effective communication and linguistic clarity in construction organization in Anambra State. To attempt to answer the questions raised here, this study aimed at evaluating the place of effective communication and linguistic clarity in construction management practices in Anambra State. The study employed survey research and the use of questionnaires to obtain data for the study. The researchers use a five-point scale to elicit information from the respondents. The results highlight that the use of spoken communication on construction sites in Anambra State will breed an improved professional organizational commitment, minimize accident rates and adopt better safety precautions. It further identified that the use of  related words, synonym and antonym as well as easy-to-understand the written form of passing instruction or communications produces high performance, innovation and increase organizational stability and flexibility and improve work quality. The study recommends that hiring a multilingual workforce, getting translated plan or construction documents materials and offering immersive language training programs for the construction workforce will help to eliminate the challenges confronting effective communication and linguistic clarity in the construction organization. It is recognized that, in some ways, this research work would have limitations ranging from geographical and scope coverage limitation as the study focused only on construction management practices in Anambra State, Nigeria which may inevitably introduce limited bias into the survey which could limit the application of the results to geographically dissimilar areas. This study had other limitations such as data limitation in measuring the variables of linguistic methods on construction sites, only seven (7) language methods were identified. Therefore, there may be more variables if the study was extended. Secondly, there was also a methodological limitation due to the sample size as thirty-five (35) questionnaires were administered; also more construction professionals would have been included in the population area but only four (4) respondents group were interviewed due to time and financial constraints.

Developing a framework is having a standard metric or structure for investing these developmental incentives into the chief work influencers “construction managers”. The importance of adopting a leadership Skill framework that contains development and growth metrics cannot be over-emphasized; it starts the system of energizing construction managers with the requisite leadership capacity to help organizations achieve project targets, sustains project performance, administers technical expectations, manages stakeholders, eliminates disputes, enables indigenous contractor’s success on a global scale as well as serve as a personal development avenue. The study aims to develop a leadership skill framework as a Tool for motivating construction managers in the Anambra State. To achieve this, the study identifies what to consider in choosing a Leadership Management Development Approach and examines certain developmental strategies in developing a robust leadership skills Framework for Construction Managers Motivations. The study adopted descriptive survey design by distributing 60 well-structured questionnaires. The 40 retrieved and analyzed responses (table 3.1) shows that extracted components value have Eigen value of 8.981, 2.228,1.683,1.362 and 1.167 with associated percentage variance of about 44.903% ,11.142%,8.415%,6.809 % and 5.833 % respectively which summed up to 77.1% showing that the extracted leadership skills can explain over 77.1% of the total variance in the series. The 6th to 20th leadership skills have Eigen value below 1.000 and jointly explain only about 22.9% of the total variations which confirm that they are no necessity important for considerations. The component matrix in table 3.1 shows that the choice of the leadership skills like Communication was extracted in component 1, Planning for the Required Result in component 2, Flexibility in component 3, Risk-Taking in component 4 and Focusing on Process in component 5 out of the identified leadership skills. The study recommends that the developed leadership skills framework is for construction stakeholders and is used as a motivational tool for construction managers in Anambra State to increase productivity and retention of construction employees. When developing construction managers in Anambra State, the human resources team should prioritize communication skills, the ability to plan for the desired outcome, flexibility in decision-making, the ability to take risks, and a focus on the work process rather than the output.

The research evaluates the drivers toward positioning Nigerian construction industry for global competitiveness in the 21st century. Being a survey research, questionnaires containing information relating to issues and drivers on global competitiveness were administered to selected construction practitioners in Anambra State, Nigeria. Accordingly, a total of 84 questionnaires were administered out of which 80 copies were completed, returned and found useful.  This corresponds to a response rate of 95%. Data collected were analyzed and presented using mean score, percentages, relative importance index (RII) and tables. The study found that the identified twelve (12) drivers of global competitiveness were all significant in the study area. However, the most perceived significant drivers for global competitiveness in the study area is labour market efficiency. Also, the study observed that the Nigerian construction industry operates at the level of factor-driven economy. Therefore, the study concluded by recommending that construction firms must   find appropriate strategies that would help to improve and strengthen their digital innovation, institutional, technological and infrastructural needs. This will place them in good standing for global competitiveness in the future.