Los ingenieros civiles diseñan construyen y mantienen la infraestructura de la sociedad moderna. Su formación académica y desempeño competente y ético debe ser considerado como prioritario para cualquier país. Desde una metodología mixta apoyada en aspectos cualitativos y datos cuantitativos, en el presente artículo de reflexión, se describen algunas barreras y retos presentes en la formación académica y ejercicio profesional de los ingenieros civiles en Colombia. A pesar de que en las últimas décadas, se ha avanzado en los procesos de Acreditación de Alta Calidad de las universidades y programas académicos en Colombia, se ha identificado que todavía hay mucho camino por recorrer. Aproximadamente, una de cada tres  universidades y programas académicos de ingeniería civil ha recibido Acreditación de Alta Calidad por parte del Consejo Nacional de Acreditación de Colombia. Además, a pesar de que los profesores de ingeniería civil deben estar a la vanguardia de formación profesional, se registran algunas atipicidades que demandan atención especial por parte del gobierno colombiano y las universidades. Finalmente, se presentan una serie de recomendaciones enfocadas a mejorar la calidad de la educación en ingeniería civil en Colombia.

Objective: To present a methodology for implementing in MathCAD, a based on force densities for analytical form finding to three-dimensional cable net structures subjected to static loading. It is desired that the routines present a stability of the solution algorithm and fast convergence. Methodology: Theoretical background of the cable net structures behavior and FDM are first introduced. Then, a series of MathCAD routines are created to perform the nonlinear analysis of cable net structures. Finally, a well-documented cable net structure example found in the literature, and the results from a cable net software are used as a way to validate the output results provided by the created MathCAD routines. Results: The simulation results show that the proposed methodology implemented in MathCAD can accurately estimate the free nodes displacements and cable forces of 3D cable net structures subjected to vertical and horizontal static loading. Conclusions: This paper has demostrated that the propossed methodology is consistent when comparing with the results given in the reference paper and the used software. Stability of the algorithms is controlled and no numerical issues was presented during the analyzed examples thus, divergence complications were not found. The routines provided a clear way to visualize the assumptions, methods, and critical data obtained in the geometric analysis of cable net structures helping to overcome the inherit limitations of commercial packages.

Introduction- Reinforced Concrete Frames (RCF) constitute a significant portion of the building stock in areas with seismic hazard. Many older buildings of this type were designed and constructed with little or no consideration of lateral load effects. When not properly designed, the Beam-Column Joints (BCJ) can be the weak links in the RCF. Unreinforced BCJ are still quite prevalent in older-type construction especially in Asia and Latin America. The unreinforced BCJ are key components that have a significant impact on the structure’s behavior of RCF. Regarding the analytical approaches applicable to BCJ, the approaches range from simplified to more elaborate and phenomenological-oriented. Unfortunately, most of them lack of simplicity, numerical stability and practicality to robustly evaluate the performance of unreinforced BCJ. This paper presents an analytical approach to modeling unreinforced BCJ. Objective- The aim of this paper is to present a modified modeling approach to simulate the nonlinear behavior of unreinforced BCJ in RCF structures. Method- The approach presented is based on the model presented in [1]. The model was modified to follow the same nomenclature of the [2]. In the proposed approach, the BCJ subassembly is represented by (1) a set of rigid links placed in cross-shape are used to represent the joint geometry, (2) a zero-length element with an empirical quad-backbone curve, placed at the middle point of the rigid links, to represent the joint shear behavior, and (3) columns and beams elements modeled with fiber formulation and five integration points to capture the material nonlinearity of the elements that frame into the joint. The approach was implemented in the OpenSEES platform, and this was validated with 13 test results of unreinforced BCJ documented in the literature. Results- The proposed modelling approach can satisfactorily predict the joint shear capacity. A 2% difference and a standard deviation of about 11% were obtained when compared to 13 test results of unreinforced BCJ documented in the literature. In terms of cyclic behavior, the proposed modelling approach shown to adequately capture the initial stiffness, strength degradation, reloading stiffness, pre-capping, and post-capping capacity. Conclusions- The method proposed presents satisfactory agreement with the test results analyzed. Taking into account the minor modifications applied to the proposed method and the uncertainties associated with the materials, test measurements, test setup, and the tolerances, the proposed method can satisfactorily predict the unreinforced BCJ shear capacity in RCF structures. It is assumed that the procedures presented here will contribute in the incorporation of the unreinforced BCJ flexibility when modeling older-type RCF construction in a pragmatic manner.