Objective: To assess the incidence of adverse events and associate them with nursing workload, nursing team staffing and the severity of the patients. Method: A quantitave, cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted with 304 consecutive patients admitted to the General Intensive Care Unit of a private hospital between September and December 2013 (four months). Results: There were 39 adverse events, and the most prevalent was pressure sore. Patients who presented an event had a higher mean age, higher prevalence of clinical admissions, longer hospital stay, higher scores in the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and in the Nursing Activities Score (NAS) and lower score in the Braden scale and in the Glasgow scale. There was no significant difference regarding nursing team staffing. Conclusion: There was a higher incidence of adverse events in patients who presented a profile of greater risk and severity identified by predictive scales. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar a incidência de eventos adversos e associá-los com a carga de trabalho de enfermagem, o dimensionamento da equipe de enfermagem e o perfil de gravidade do paciente. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, prospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, em 304 pacientes consecutivos internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva geral de um hospital privado, admitidos entre setembro e dezembro de 2013 (quatro meses). Resultados: Ocorreram 39 eventos adversos sendo a lesão por pressão a mais prevalente. Os pacientes que apresentaram algum evento tiveram maior média de idade, maior prevalência de internações clínicas, internações mais prolongadas, maior escala Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, maior pontuação do Nursing Activities Score (NAS), menor escore na escala de Braden e menor escala de Glasgow e não tiveram diferenças significantes em relação ao dimensionamento da equipe de enfermagem. Conclusão: Houve maior incidência de eventos adversos em pacientes que exibiram um perfil de maior risco e gravidade identificados por meio de escalas preditoras.
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