RESUMO A investigação tem privilegiado o estudo dos impactos do trabalho por turnos na saúde dos trabalhadores considerando a perspectiva dos próprios. Em contraste, o presente estudo avaliou os impactos dessa modalidade horária na vida familiar e social dos trabalhadores, segundo a perspetiva dos cônjuges/companheiros(as). Compararam-se também os impactos de dois horários de trabalho diferentes (trabalho por turnos vs. horário normal) na vida familiar e social. Participaram no estudo 515 cônjuges de policiais portugueses. Verificou-se que o trabalho por turnos tem impacto de moderado a elevado em todas as áreas avaliadas da vida familiar e social, tendo os cônjuges de trabalhadores por turnos relatado maiores impactos na reorganização familiar e na vida social conjunta. Quanto aos dois horários, foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas em todas as áreas avaliadas, tendo os familiares de trabalhadores por turnos relatado maiores impactos do horário de trabalho do cônjuge do que os familiares de trabalhadores diurnos.

IntroductionThe Russian invasion of Ukraine and the resulting consequences are in the center of political discussions, media, and likely individual thinking of the population in Germany. Yet, the impact of this prolonged exposure on mental health is not known hitherto.MethodsUsing the population based cohort study DigiHero from three federal states (Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony, and Bavaria), we assessed anxiety levels (GAD-7), depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), and distress (modified PDI) in the first weeks of war and 6 months later.ResultsOf those 19,432, who responded in the first weeks of war, 13,934 (71.1%) responded also 6 months later. While anxiety and emotional distress decreased during the 6 months, their average scores were still elevated, and a substantial fraction of respondents displayed clinically relevant sequelae. Persons from low-income households were especially affected, specifically by fears related to the personal financial situation. Those who reacted with a particularly strong fear in the beginning of war were more likely to have persistent clinically relevant symptoms of depression and anxiety also 6 months later.DiscussionThe Russian invasion of Ukraine is accompanied by continuing impairment of mental health in the German population. Fears surrounding the personal financial situation are a strong determinant.

Production Activity Control (PAC) is fundamental to Production Management, since it allows for meeting deadlines, ensuring product quality and reducing production costs. For these reasons, it is essential for the improvement of enterprise performance to understand the production system and its integrated parts. Another production concept linked to the efficiency of enterprise performance is Industry 4.0. This is the most recent revolution of industry and one of its main goals are related with the integration of production activity control by using information technologies. The objective of this project is to implement three different mechanisms of Production Activity Control in a Flexible Flow Shop (FFS), composed of three stages with three parallel machines each. The mechanisms implemented are Workload Control (WLC), Generic Kanban System (GKS) and Drum-Buffer-Rope (DBR), and all are associated with a make-to-order (MTO) production. Additionally, three independent machine selection criteria are evaluated: Random, Load Hours and Load Units. Simio software is used for the simulation of the production system and results are given by diverse Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). After completing simulations, it can be concluded that DBR is the mechanism of PAC with the best performance for the studied scenarios. However, the scenario with the smallest value of load norm is compromising the performance of WLC. Otherwise, this mechanism would be the one with the best performance. Regarding the machine selection criteria, Load Hours is the criterion with the best performance for almost all the KPIs.

Nonstandard work schedules such as shift work and night work tend to trigger problems for workers in different areas. To illustrate the diversity of areas affected and the relative interest of the scientific community, we conducted a literature review of the effects of shift work and night work on workers. In particular, we intended to identify the main variables addressed in the field of health, the family sphere, and the organizational context. The literature review was carried out using the Web of Science with the following terms: “shift work”, “rotating shifts”, and “night work”. Inclusion criteria incorporated empirical studies and articles written in Portuguese or English published in 2019. We selected 129 of the 619 articles identified. Regarding the impacts of shift work and night work, there existed a high discrepancy of focus between the three defined areas: health, family life, and organizational context. Specifically, health-related variables were the most studied (83.4%), followed by organizational variables (9.2%), and, lastly, family variables (7.4%). Based on these results, it is essential to extend the study of the two underrepresented impacts to other crucial areas, not only for the worker but also for organizations.

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