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The paper gives an overview to the present state of research on fatigue strength and failure mechanisms at very high number of cycles (N>10 7 ). Testing facilities are listed. A classification of materials with typical S-N curves and influencing factors like notches, residual stresses and environment are given. Different failure mechanisms, which occur especially in the VHCF-region like subsurface failure, are explained. There microstructural inhomogeneities and statistical conditions play an important role. Investigated materials are different metals with body-centred cubic lattice like lowor high-strength steels and quenched and tempered steels but also materials with a face-centred cubic lattice like aluminium alloys and copper.

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