In my response to Donna Orange (2014), I interpret the several components of ethical life in Loewald's thought, which Orange identifies and explains. I attend to Orange's insight that Loewald's ethics is situated in his conceptions of responsibility and atonement. Although Orange suggests that there is a connection between Loewald's idea of "self-responsibility" and Levinas's elaboration of "for-the-other-responsibility," she does not draw out the relationship between the two. In my response I ask: How do self-responsibility and for-the-other responsibility require and work against each other? What is the significance of this relationship for ethics? I set out to deepen the connection between Loewald's and Levinas's conceptions of responsibility in order to propose that in a psychoanalytic ethics self-responsibility always already looks toward the for-the-other-responsibility.

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