Objective: To assess the impacts of chronic use of benzodiazepines on anesthetic induction and possible complications. Methodology: To perform the search for articles for this integrative review, the PubMed, Scopus and Lilacs databases were used, considering articles published in the last two decades. Six studies with evidence available in the literature on the influence of chronic use of benzodiazepines on induction and anesthetic response were selected. Results: The chronic use of benzodiazepines affects the anesthetic response in patients undergoing surgery, resulting in a greater need for anesthetic and opioid doses. The negative impact of substance use was also observed in perioperative management, with a higher risk of complications such as delirium and respiratory failure. Conclusion: Special care is needed in the preoperative evaluation of patients with chronic use of benzodiazepines and other substances, as well as in the perioperative management of these patients, to minimize the risk of complications and ensure the safety and efficacy of anesthesia.