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AimTo evaluate the lipid‐lowering and antiplatelet combined strategies on the expression of the receptors CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 and the percentage of CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 cells in monocyte subtypes after acute myocardial infarction.MethodsProspective, randomized, open‐label study, with blinded analyses of endpoints (PROBE, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02428374, registration date: April 28, 2015). Participants were treated with rosuvastatin 20 mg or simvastatin 40 mg plus ezetimibe 10 mg, as well as ticagrelor 90 mg or clopidogrel 75 mg. The chemokine receptors CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 were analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction as well as the percentages of CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 cells in the monocyte subtypes (classical, intermediate, and non‐classical), which were quantified by flow cytometry, at baseline, and after 1 and 6 months of treatment.ResultsAfter comparisons between the three visits, regardless of the treatment arm, there was an increase in CCR2 expression after treatment, as well as an increase in intermediate monocytes CCR2+ and a reduction in non‐classical monocytes CCR2+ at the end of treatment. There was also a lower expression of CCR5 after treatment and an increase in classical and non‐classical monocytes CCR5+. Concerning CX3CR1, there were no differences in the expression after treatment; however, there were reductions in the percentage of intermediate and non‐classical monocytes CX3CR1+ at the end of treatment.ConclusionsThe results suggest the persistence of the inflammatory phenotype, known as trained immunity, even with the highly‐effective lipid‐lowering and antiplatelet therapies. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; ••: ••–••.

Introduction: Mucositis has been a complication of great importance in antineoplastic treatments of head and neck tumors because when not treated properly it can lead to the interruption of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Knowing that mucositis is a common inflammatory condition in patients undergoing radiotherapy and that nitric oxide (NO) can be a marker of inflammation. Aim: to seek an association between mucositis, pain and NO levels in patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in different periods of radiotherapy. Methodology: Clinical examination was performed weekly to investigate presence of mucositis, in which the degree and intensity of pain were evaluated by using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and mouthwash samples were collected from twenty patients. In the collected samples, the concentrations of NO were measured by using the Griess method. Results: of the twenty patients, two were excluded due to worsening of the clinical picture. Of the 18 patients who had their treatment finished, ten had some degree of mucositis and pain, with the highest levels being observed in the last week of treatment. As for the levels of NO, it was observed that low values varied widely among the patients and weeks studied. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between mucositis degrees and pain intensities, although the NO levels were correlated neither with mucositis nor with pain intensity throughout the experimental weeks. Conclusion: Although NO is an inflammatory mediator involved in diseases of the oral cavity, its presence cannot be associated with mucositis and pain in patients with head and neck cancer who are on radiotherapy.