Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem. Resistant bacteria, for many reasons, do not cease to emerge and re-emerge. The impact of AMR on patient therapy is not scares in literature to date, but there is still much to do, mainly in pediatric settings. It is vital to assess the necessity of observing the impact of such infections on the clinical care trends to which some kids may already be subject, strengthening, improving, and, where necessary, implementing new age policies and regulations that may help contain the spread of AMR. Method: We performed a yearlong review of literature on antimicrobial resistance in paediatrics immunosuppressed patients until September 2022. We draw-up a protocol of the review, to which we adhered rigorously, following the prescribed including and excluding criteria. Results: From the 110 articles finally selected following the PRISMA workflow diagram, from which 29% of them were in majority randomized controlled trials studies, the remaining selection ranged from case controls to cohort studies, systematic reviews, controlled before and after reports trials , matched case-control and placebo reports trials and few not clearly reported research article types (15%). Conclusion: The process yielded to the confirmation that there are literally good evidences of the serious lethal impact of resistant microbiological infections among immunocompromised children in and out of hospitals settings. What lacks the most are practical evidences of such damages both to the patient and to the public health sector, which can be conquer though, through well-programmed cohort-based studies.

Bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negatives are of great concern worldwide, as they are frequently associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. To date, two cases of VIM-2 metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas putida bacteremia have been ever reported in France and Spain between 2004 and 2010. Here, we present the first case of VIM-1-like-producing P. putida isolated in blood culture collected from an oncohematological pediatric patient admitted to Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital (IRCCS) in Rome, Italy.