Por meio da liberação de substâncias alelopáticas, produzidas no metabolismo secundário, um indivíduo pode influenciar o desenvolvimento de outros organismos em seu entorno. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de extratos aquosos de partes de Tradescantia zebrina Heynh. ex Bosse. (zebrina) sobre a germinação de sementes de Lactuca sativa L. (alface). O experimento foi conduzido sob condições naturais do ambiente (25°C e 72% UR), utilizando extratos de folha e raiz de zebrina nas concentrações de 100%, 75%, 50% e 25%, com água destilada como tratamento controle. Foram utilizadas 50 sementes de alface, distribuídas uniformemente em papel germitest®, devidamente esterilizado e umedecido com a solução, em caixas gerbox®, com cinco repetições. As observações ocorreram por sete dias, avaliando-se porcentagem de germinação (%G), índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), tempo médio de germinação (t) e velocidade média de germinação (v). Os dados foram submetidos às análises estatísticas observando-se, posteriormente, que as aplicações de extratos de folhas e das raízes de zebrina reduziram o percentual de germinação e a velocidade de germinação das sementes de alface, indicando o efeito alelopático.
The aim of this work was to evaluate allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts from Bambusa vulgaris leaves and culm on Lactuca sativa L. germination. Plant material was collected at Dois Irmãos State Park in Recife, Brazil, and analysis was performed at Laboratory of Forest Seeds Analysis at Rural Federal University of Pernambuco. Experiments were conducted under natural conditions using leaf and culm extracts at concentrations of 100, 75, 50 and 25%, using distilled water as control. Seed germination was evaluated for seven days. Percentage of germination (%G), speed index of germination (SIG), mean time of germination (MTG), and mean speed of germination (v) were determined. Aqueous extract of B. vulgaris leaves negatively influenced percentage of germination and speed of germination index of L. sativa seeds. Control treatment showed the best means, being statistically superior than other treatments that did not differ among each other. Considering L. sativa as a bioindicator, it is possible that allelopathic effects might significantly interfere on other species establishment and germination. This is due to substances present on plant residues deposited or incorporated to the soil annually. Finally, the inhibitory allelopathic behaviour of the germination process of L. sativa seeds in response to aqueous extracts of B. vulgaris was observed in all parts and concentrations tested.
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