This article examines the entrepreneurial performance of micro-enterprises in the Bicol region, Philippines, using the 14 pillars of the Global Entrepreneurship Index. It also examines the effect of managerial efficiency on economic performance and the significant influence between the development index and economic performance. Micro enterprises contribute to economic development as they comprise the largest portion of the micro, small and medium enterprise sector and provide the biggest share of the country’s employment. However, micro-enterprises still face significant obstacles to growth. Using descriptive statistics, slack-based data envelopment analysis, bootstrap-bias corrected and accelerated regression, multivariate analysis, and hierarchical regression, the study found out that micro-enterprises usually practice opportunity perception, start-up skills, networking, cultural support, and high growth. Micro enterprises that showed strong development performance have managerial efficiency indicating no shortage in sales and their potential. Moreover, entrepreneurial activity stimulates attitude, aspiration, and monthly sales of micro-enterprises. It directly and highly affects sales because micro-enterprises always practice the pillars of technology absorption, opportunity start-up, competition, and human capital. This article illustrates a model suggesting that micro-enterprises should improve opportunity perception, start-up skills, risk acceptance, process innovation, high growth, and internationalization to improve sales. Furthermore, the study may provide tips for micro-enterprises in the Philippines and may be used as a basis for programs and policies to support their development.

Electric Industry. After two decades of EPIRA’s enactment, it is essential to assess where in the Distribution Sector, the reform’s trajectory has stalled. The study aimed to examine and assess the technical and operational efficiencies of the top five electric private distribution utilities (PDUs) in the Philippines under the regulatory policy. Methodology: This is a causal-comparative study using a panel data structure on technical and operational efficiencies of the top five PDUs in the Philippines from 1995 to 2014, employing quantitative measurement. This study used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as the non-parametric test while Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) as the parametric approach. Main Findings: Using the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) model showed that the implementation of EPIRA (post-EPIRA: 2001 to 2014) made the top five electric private distribution utilities in the Philippines more technically efficient in their operations than without the reform (pre-EPIRA: 1995 to 2000). It was also noted that PDUs with bigger franchise areas and older in existence were technically efficient in their operations than their smaller and younger PDUs counterpart, respectively. Applications: This study will enhance public awareness in the various assessment of regulatory policy arenas in PEI. Moreover, this study will also render useful insights into the management of DUs in the Philippines. Novelty/Originality of this study: An up-to-date empirical analysis of the situation to substantiate the claim of the reform’s efficiency in the Philippines is lacking in the literature. This paper is thus providing a comprehensive theoretical debate by examining some indications of EPIRA's efficiency in the Distribution Sector in the Philippines.