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A Populus euphratica DNA microarray was constructed and used to analyze gene expression in trees growing in the desert. P. euphratica is shown to express a set of genes that is different from other Populus trees and these genes contribute to adaptation to saline growth conditions.

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Abstract& Key message Ozone, one of the major atmospheric pollutants, alters tree growth, mainly by decreasing carbon assimilation and allocation to stems and roots. To date, the mechanisms of O 3 impact at the cellular level have been investigated mainly on young trees grown in controlled or semi-controlled conditions. In the context of climate change, it is necessary to introduce a valuable defence parameter in the models that currently predict O 3 impact on mature trees and the carbon sequestration capacity of forest ecosystems.