Background: The mass media are relevant in shaping the population’s attitudes towards mental disorders. In low- and middle-income countries there is little information about the portrayal of people with mental disorders in the mass media. Aim: The general objective of the study was to assess the tone and content of Chilean newspaper articles about mental disorder from 2000 to 2019. Method: The digital editions of four national circulation Chilean newspapers were intentionally selected. The search engine Google News was used to identify and retrieve the news. To evaluate the news, a standardised codebook was administered. A total of 385 news were evaluated. Results: The results show that a large proportion of the news items has an overall positive/optimistic tone 43.5% and 57.5% does not stigmatise; however, only 18.4% emphasises recovery as part of the content. The highest percentages of news stigmatising in tone and content are observed for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Furthermore, the experts are quoted much more frequently than people diagnosed with mental disorders or their families and/or friends. When comparing by years there is a trend towards general decrease in stigmatisation, moving towards a more positive or optimistic view of mental health, Conclusions: In general, low stigmatisation towards mental disorders was found in the news and this was reduced steadily over time. Although there are aspects to improve in some particular areas, suggesting that manifest stigma has diminished, but more subtle forms still remain.
Se presenta un estudio sobre los cuidadores informales primarios de personas adultas con enfermedades neurológicas crónicas realizado en el Instituto de Neurología y Neurocirugía de La Habana durante los meses de noviembre 2016 a febrero 2017. El objetivo general fue caracterizar el bienestar psicológico de estos cuidadores. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo y correlacional concebido desde una metodología mixta, favoreciendo una descripción a fondo de la experiencia de los participantes a través de Estudios de Casos Múltiples. La muestra fue de 19 cuidadores con una edad de aproximadamente 46 años, a los cuales le fueron administradas técnicas como la Entrevista inicial de caracterización del cuidador, la Entrevista semiestructurada y la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico para Adultos. Como resultados se identificaron proyectos de vida inestructurados, predominio de estados emocionales negativos y una reducción de espacios de socialización como factores que inciden negativamente en el bienestar psicológico. Por su parte, los factores protectores del mismo que predominaron como regularidad en la muestra fueron las satisfacciones en el área familiar asociadas a dinámicas funcionales. Se concluye que el bienestar psicológico de los cuidadores informales primarios se encuentra afectado, siendo los proyectos de vida la dimensión más deteriorada.
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