No abstract

Cerium (Ce)-doped Ni0.5Cd0.5CexFe2−xO4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) was synthesized using the sol–gel auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that all the samples retained spinel cubic crystal structure with space group Fd3m at 800 °C. Crystal structure parameters, such as lattice constant, average crystallite size, and X-ray density were estimated from the major XRD (311) peak. Bulk density and porosity were also calculated. The average crystallite size was estimated to be in the range of 20–24 nm. SEM images displayed agglomerated particles with a porous morphology. The dielectric constant (ε′) increased and the dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) decreased with rising Ce concentration. The hysteresis loop (M–H loop) was measured at room temperature using a vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), which showed a nonlinear decrease in magnetization and coercivity with increasing Ce concentration.

Nanoparticles where holmium was substituted with nickel-cadmium Ni0.5Cd0.5HoxFe2-xO4 (X = 0, 0.02, and 0.04) ferrites were synthesized through a sol-gel auto-combustion process to reveal their structural and physical properties. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared ray (FTIR) spectroscopy, and impedance spectroscopy techniques. XRD revealed the formation of the cubic crystal structure had a preferential orientation along (311). By including holmium, the lattice constant was reduced, while the average crystallite size was increased. SEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles exhibited regular shapes, and the average grain size increased with the holmium content. FTIR spectroscopy determined that all the organic and inorganic materials had an absorption range of 400 to 4000 cm−1. The dielectric properties were measured between the frequency ranges of 1 kHz and 2 MHz. This shows that the tangent loss and the dielectric constant were raised when the concentration of holmium was increased.

The quality of life for several bank officials around the world is impacted by postural low back discomfort. Prescription drugs and over-the-counter analgesics are the two main forms of treatment. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of postural low back pain and its association with inactivity among Faisalabad bank employees. Methods: A purposive sample was drawn from the community of bankers for this cross-sectional survey, which also included a consent form. The data were gathered using the JOABPEQ, or Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire. We computed the sample size for our study and employed a purposive sampling technique. The study had 164 participants in total (Faisalabad bank officers). For analysis, chi-square was used. The coded data were entered using the statistical package for service solution (SPSS V-16). Results: The findings revealed that there was a 75% incidence of postural low back pain and frequency was 74.5 among Faisalabad bank personnel. Findings showed that p < 0.05 for postural low back pain and physical inactivity which means there is an association exists between variables. Conclusions: The majority of bank officers do not adjust their posture, and there is no substantial relationship between gender and posture change. The majority of bank officers experience low lumber pain, although there is no discernible link between gender and low lumber pain, as it affects both men and women equally. Majority of the bank officers do not leave their chair and walk during their working hours so, there is significant association between the lower lumber pain and inactivity.