BackgroundThe aim of this study is to review and present the clinical features and process of evaluation and treatment for OT-DSD in a single center in recent years in China.MethodsSixteen patients with OT-DSD during the past 4 years underwent the evaluation and treatment in a single center. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of surgery were analyzed.ResultsThe surgical age ranged from 17 months to 66 months with a mean age of 20 months, and the mean follow-up was 30 months (4 months to 56 months). The presentation in 11 patients was ambiguous genitalia, and the rest 5 patients were suspected to have DSD in preoperative examination before hypospadias repair. The karyotypes were 46, XX in 11 patients, 46, XX/46, XY in 3, 46, XX/47, XXY in 1, and 46, XY in 1. Initial reared sex was male in 14 patients, female in 1, and undetermined in 1. After surgery, genders were reassigned in 3 patients, while 15 patients were raised as male with testicular tissue left. Only 1 patient with ovarian tissue left was raised as female. Repair was completed in 11 males and 1 female, and stage I urethroplasty was done in 4 males. No further surgery to remove the gonads was needed for inconsonance of gender assignment. No gonadal tumors were detected.ConclusionsOT-DSD is a rare and complex deformity with few systematic reports in China. It’s important to establish a regular algorithm for evaluation and treatment of OT-DSD.

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is the most common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract that is generally asymptomatic and manifests only in a specific way when complications exist. Littre's hernia is a rare complication of MD . The definition of Littre's hernia is based upon the protrusion of a MD through a potential abdominal opening accompanied in some cases by incarceration, inflammation, or necrosis. The most common site of Littre's hernia is the inguinal canal, usually on the right. It is difficult to diagnose before surgery. We report a 4-month-old boy with Littre's hernia, including join with incarcerated hernia in the left side.

No abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. on germ cell apoptosis in a rat model of unilateral cryptorchidism. Material/Methods: Thirty male SD rats were randomly and equally divided into a control group, a model group, and a Cuscuta group (5.0 g/kg/d) (n=10). The rat model of unilateral cryptorchidism in the model and Cuscuta groups was established by removal of the right gubernaculum, while rats in the control group received no treatment. After modeling, rats in the Cuscuta chinensis group were intragastrically administered Cuscuta chinensis extract (5.0 g/kg/d), while rats in the control group and model group were administered an equal volume of normal saline. After 90 days, all the rats were sacrificed and the testicles were separated and weighed, followed by TUNEL staining to detect germ cell apoptosis, flow cytometry to measure JC-1, ROS, and MDA, and Western blot analysis to evaluate the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase3. Results: Ninety days after the operation, Cuscuta chinensis Lam significantly minimized the damage caused by modeling by increasing weight of testis, reducing the germ cell apoptosis, and enhancing the mitochondrial membrane potential of testicles, as shown by levels of JC-1, ROS, and MDA, as well as elevating the level of Bcl-2/Bax and reducing the level of cleaved caspase3 (P<0.05). Conclusions: Treatment with Cuscuta chinensis Lam reduced the germ cell apoptosis in rats with unilateral cryptorchidism, which provides new insight for the development of cryptorchidism therapy in the future.