Summary This paper deals with the modeling of electric vehicles using hybrid power source: fuel cell/supercapacitor. The fuel cell is connected to the direct current (DC) Bus via a boost converter and satisfies the load average power requirements. The supercapacitor is linked to the DC‐Bus through a buck‐boost converter and ensures the transient power requirements. A permanent‐magnet synchronous motor is used as traction motor and connected to the DC‐Bus through a 3‐phase inverter. We propose an energy management technique, based on the urban driving cycle (ECE‐15 driving cycle) and the extraurban driving cycle, with the use of conventional proportional‐integral (PI) controllers. The main goals are as follows: first, to avoid fast operation of the fuel cell current so as to ensure optimal operation of the fuel cell system, and second, the supercapacitor allows a satisfactory dynamic of the DC‐Bus so as to provide the required energy for the car transients so as to meet both urban and extraurban driving cycles. The performances of the proposed strategy are evaluated through some simulations dedicated to electric vehicle applications.

Abstract-The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is being investigated as an alternate power source for various applications as transportation and emergency power supplies. Fuel cell systems are characterized by high costs and complex auxiliary devices. For this reason, a fuel cell emulator can be used as a suitable and economic alternative to a real one for developing and testing a fuel cell power conditioning system. The fuel cell emulator must be able to reproduce the FC nonlinear output voltage-current characteristic. This paper proposes then a possible solution to emulate a PEMFC system by using a DC-DC converter. The fuel cell system, including all its auxiliaries and related control systems, is emulated by a full-bridge converter experimentally achieved and controlled in the DSP2812 environment. The converter-based system allows the behavior of any fuel cell to be easily emulated and can be used in laboratory as a low-cost system for design and experimental purposes since only a DC-DC control modification is necessary.

No abstract

No abstract

Abstract. The present study investigates the possibility of using a stand-alone photovoltaic/LPG (liquid petroleum gas) generator hybrid power system for low-cost electricity production which can satisfy the energy load requirements of a typical remote and isolated rural area. In this context, the optimal dimensions to improve the technical and economical performances of the hybrid system are determined according to the load energy requirements. The proposed system's installation and operating costs are simulated using the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER), the solar radiation and the system components costs as inputs; and then compared with those of other supply options such as diesel generation.