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Aluminum (Al) processes excellent plasmon response from the ultraviolet (UV) to visible spectrum. Understanding of the deep sub-wavelength plasmon response of Al nanostructures is essential for the Al-based plasmon device design, such as UV surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering and emission control of emitters. In this work, by using cathodoluminescence, the plasmonic properties of Al metal-insulator-metal (MIM) disk nanocavities are investigated. The resonant breathing modes rather than edge modes are resolved by the CL spectra and realspace mode patterns, which are in good agreement with the electromagnetic calculations. Moreover, the dispersion behavior of plasmon modes of the MIM cavity can be traced back to the propagating plasmon modes in an Al MIM slab, which shows that the electromagnetic fields are strongly confined in the cavities. Furthermore, a mode volume as small as 1.1×10 5 nm 3 is obtained for the 240 nm diameter cavity, demonstrating these MIM resonators to be ideal candidates for studies of strong plasmon-matter interactions.

Representation bias means a kind of cognitive tendency, and, for investors, it can affect their behavior in the stock market. Whether the representation bias can help the return forecast and portfolio selection is an interesting problem that is less studied. In this paper, based on the representation bias theory and current markets situation in China, a new hierarchy of stock measurement system is constructed and a corresponding set of criteria is also proposed. On each criterion, we try to measure the influence among stocks with adapted fuzzy AHP. Then the Hausdorff distance is applied to weight and compute the horizontal representation returns. For the forecast returns, according to representation behaviors, there is also a new computation method. Empirical results show that the representation bias information is useful to the return forecast as well as the portfolio selection.

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