PurposeTo present optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography features in patients with idiopathic full-thickness macular hole before and after vitrectomy.Study designProspective case series study.Materials and methodsPatients presenting with an idiopathic full-thickness macular hole (IMH) who underwent posterior vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and gas tamponade were included in the study. En face OCT and OCT angiography (OCTA) was performed pre- and postoperatively using 3×3 mm scans (Optovue, XR Avanti). Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, macular hole size (MHS), central retinal thickness (CRT), macular parafoveal choriocapillary flow area (MCFA), and fovea vessel density (FVDS) were measured and assessed using OCTA. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was examined before and 3 months after surgery.ResultsTwenty-eight eyes of 28 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patient group was 68.28 years. The hole was closed in all eyes after the initial surgery. OCTA showed enlargement of FAZ and increased CRT in foveal area. Mean preoperative FAZ area was 0.39±0.07 mm2. En face images of the middle retina showed a range of preoperative cystic patterns surrounding the hole. BCVA was improved from 0.1±0.11 preoperatively to 0.42±0.17 postoperatively. Mean FAZ area was reduced to 0.24±0.07 mm2 postoperatively with resolution of macular hole and adjacent cystic areas. Mean CRT was reduced from 396±62.6 µm pre-operatively to 272±30.7 µm postoperatively. After vitrectomy, the parafoveal choriocapillary flow area and FVDS of IMH eyes increased compared with the preoperative measurements.ConclusionQuantitative evaluation of vascular and morphological changes following IMH surgery using OCTA shows the potential for recovery due to vascular and neuronal plasticity. OCTA showing vascular changes and their quantitative characteristics might be a useful tool for the assessment of macular holes before and after surgical treatment.

The World Health Organization announced on 12 March 2020 a global pandemic of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus causing COVID-19 disease associated with pneumonia and acute respiratory failure. SARS-CoV-2 has caused so far over 6.66 million recorded cases, of which 393,000 ended in death (as of June 1, 2020). Despite the demographic statistics of incidence, there is no current recording of cases in the group of pregnant or perinatal women. Changes occurring in the female body system during pregnancy also affect and alter the immune system, and as studies based on other viral respiratory infections have shown, the population of pregnant women is at risk of having a severe course of the disease. The aim of the study is to summarize current reports on the course of COVID-19 disease in a group of pregnant women and the possible impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the foetus and vertical transmission, taking into account changes occurring in the woman's immune system during pregnancy. Available advice and recommendations for antenatal and perinatal care of pregnant women during the pandemic period are also included.

Breast cancer is one of the most common oncological conditions among Polish women and is a serious health, social, as well as economic problem. Knowledge of early cancer detection methods, risk factors and prevention methods are key issues in the fight against breast cancer in women. Introduction of modern technologies using contact thermography can be both practical and complementary diagnostic method in relation to mammography or ultrasonography of mammary gland.

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