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In this article, a 3 dimensional shear damping constitutive soil model is presented. This model has been implemented as a user defined soil model for the Finite Element Method software of Plaxis 2D. Verification tests demonstrate a good agreement with the theoretical model. A pulse load on a circular area on a soil surface has been numerically modelled with this shear damping soil model and compared to the results obtained by using the Rayleigh damping. The shear damping model demonstrates a different physical behaviour of the soil, in comparison to the Rayleigh damping.

This article describes innovative steel sheet pile solutions to protect urban areas from floodings. Recent examples, like the successful protection of the Weser Stadium in Bremen against storm surge Axel in 2017, demonstrate that steel sheet pile walls are fast to implement and fit for purpose during a hazardous event. In addition, steel sheet piles, as construction product, are a major actor in the circular economy. It's because they can be re‐used up to 10 times, and later recycled into new steel products. Finally, a method to evaluate water discharge through steel sheet pile walls is presented and reworked with examples for practical application.

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The article considers linear half space subjected to the circular load of constant intensity. Point settlement is determined by integrating relation to an infinitesimally small area, as per the Bussinesque solution, for concentrated load. The authors propose to replace an integration technique with a summation technique aiming to reduce computational efforts. The application of the summation techniques developed by the authors and their subsequent employment to develop an engineering method ensures sufficient accuracy for engineering purposes for point settlement evaluation. An attractive feature of the proposed engineering method is its implementation via nomograms ready for fast usage. It is especially convenient for a design process that requires obtaining relatively rapid results for multi-variant geotechnical design situations. A calculation algorithm and computational program have been developed to perform the summation techniques. Thanks to the extensive numerical simulations of settlement evaluations under the developed method, variation in the loading surface radius has also been limited. When applying the engineering method, relative error does not exceed 2% for cases when the ratio of radii from the settlement point being investigated to the centre point of circular loading varies within the interval of 1.5 to 7 times. This degree of accuracy is sufficient for engineering design needs. In practice, this engineering method can be applied in case it is assumed that the circular load of constant intensity is the load that acts on the base at the point of contact between the foundation and the base. The point the settlement of which is calculated is the point of the base or the point at the centre of the foundation. It is recommended to apply the engineering method presented in the article when the distance between adjacent foundations is 10 times less than the diameter of the foundation. When the distance is 10 times more than the diameter, foundations almost do not affect each other. The engineering method is especially useful when differential settlements are being calculated, e.g. the impact of deformation seams on the foundations or the effects of a projected building that will be attached to an existing one. This method can be used for calculating both shallow and deep foundations. When deep foundations are calculated, it is necessary to evaluate the enlargement of the pile base occurring due to friction between the ground and the pile material.