Objective: To evaluate clinical stability of neurologically impaired children and adolescents with recurrent pneumonia submitted to laryngotracheal separation. Methods: Between October 2002 and June 2015, 92 neurologically impaired children from a reference service, with median age of 68.5 months were submitted to laryngotracheal separation. Data were evaluated and statistical analysis was made by Student's t test and Pearson's χ 2 test (significance level adopted of 95%). Results: Fifty-three children were male (57.6%). Forty-six children required admission to intensive care, and 42.4% needed mechanical ventilation. We observed that 90.2% of patients were exclusively fed by gastrostomy and 72.4% of the gastrostomies were performed before the tracheal surgery. Thirteen (14.1%) children had postoperative complications as follows: fistulae (5.4%), bleeding (4.3%), granuloma (2.2%) and stenosis (3.2%). A total of 24 patients had pneumonia in the postoperative period (26.1%), but there was a significant drop in occurrence of this condition after surgery (100% versus 26.1%; p<0.001). Twenty-three patients (25%) died. Postoperative complications were similar when comparing patients who died and those that presented good outcome (16.7% versus 13.2%; p=0.73). Conclusion: When well-indicated, the laryngotracheal separation reduces the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infections, thus improving quality of life and reducing admissions to hospital. Laryngotracheal separation should be indicated as a primary procedure in patients with cerebral palsy and recurrent aspiration pneumonia.
Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi relatar a experiência da implantação do protocolo de intervenção da enfermagem para pacientes pediátricos com temperatura corporal maior que 37,8°C. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa do tipo relato de experiência de um grupo de discentes de medicina e três enfermeiros sobre a vivência durante a implantação de um protocolo clínico, entre os anos de 2019 e 2020. Resultados: No protocolo em vigor decidiu-se por aferir a temperatura axilar, sendo a febre classificada acima de 37,8°C, contraindicado antitérmicos se houver uso anterior em período inferior a seis horas e/ou relatos de alergia ao medicamento. Para crianças acima de três meses de idade, priorizou-se a administração dos fármacos dipirona e paracetamol, já em crianças maiores de seis meses há a possibilidade do uso de ibuprofeno. Observou-se uma resistência dos pais e responsáveis no início da aplicação do protocolo no serviço, enquanto a aceitação do corpo clínico foi imediata. Os reflexos positivos do trabalho em equipe e da proatividade competente foram observados pelas acadêmicas frente ao atendimento prestado à população. Conclusão: A implantação de protocolos busca formalizar parcerias de trabalho, atuando como instrumento de padronização de condutas e manejo dos pacientes. A adoção dessa medida trouxe benefícios, proporcionando um atendimento mais organizado, rápido, humanizado e de qualidade.
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