Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels while obesity is accumulation of excess body fat. Diabetes and obesity currently threaten the health, wellbeing and economic welfare of humanity OBJECTIVE: To study serum lipid profiles in Obese type 2 diabetics in comparison with Obese non-diabetic subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in the

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Background: Comparative study of serum calcium, magnesium, uric acid and glucose in preeclampsia and normal pregnant women of malwa region of Madhya pradesh Methods: For the Study, a total of 100 women ranging in age from 18-35 years were recruited. They were divided in two groups. 50 were pre-eclamptic women with gestational age of ?20 weeks (Case group) and rest 50 were normal pregnant women of same gestational age (Control group).The levels of magnesium, calcium, glucose, and uric acid in the blood were measured. Result: Serum calcium and magnesium levels were significantly lower (p<0.001) in the pre-eclamptic group, whereas serum uric acid levels were significantly higher (p0<001) in preeclamptic group. The level of serum glucose was raised in preeclampsia. Conclusion: serum levels of calcium, magnesium, uric acid and glucose are altered in pre-eclampsia, implying that these factors may play a role in the aetiology and severity of pre-eclampsia.so assessing the serum level of this parameters will aid in the early detection of pre-eclampsia. Keywords: Calcium, Magnesium, Uric acid, Glucose, Pre-eclampsia, Pregnancy

BACKGROUND Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) is the indicator of glycaemic status over long-term. Diabetes and obesity currently threaten the health, wellbeing and economic welfare of humanity. The study was designed to study the correlation between glycated hemoglobin and serum lipid profile in obese type 2 diabetic patients and obese non diabetic patients in Malwa region. MATERIALS AND METHODS This case control study comprised of a total of 200 obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m²) patients (148 males and 52 females) who visited the Outpatient Department of Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Postgraduate Institute, Indore. Out of which, those 100 obese patients with diabetes were taken as cases and 100 obese non-diabetic were taken as controls. Ethical clearance obtained for the study from the Institute Ethical Committee. RESULTS 200 obese subjects included in the study out of which 148 (76%) were males and 52 (24%) were females. The majority (71%) of the cases had glycated haemoglobin value >9%, whereas majority (84%) of the control had glycated haemoglobin value in the range of 6-9%. A significant difference (P<0.0001) were found between the cases and controls. Glycated haemoglobin has a significant positive correlation with TC (total cholesterol), TG (triglycerides), LDL-C (low density lipoprotein), VLDL-C (very low density lipoprotein) whereas a significant negative correlation with HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein) and HDL-C /LDL-C ratio. CONCLUSION Our study ensures HbA1c status in obese diabetics and obese non-diabetics. HbA1c showed positive correlations with LDL-C cholesterol and negative correlations with HDL-C cholesterol and HDL-C/LDL-C ratio. A significant correlation exists between HbA1c and lipid profile. These findings suggest that HbA1c level can be used as good parameter for predicting the lipid profile. Glycated haemoglobin level can be used as an alarming factor for blood glucose dysregulation as well as lipid dysregulation in patients. The better the glycaemic control as reflected by HbA1c the better would be the lipidemic state. Achieving the target in HbA1c will contribute in improving the lipid state in patients.

Background: The present study was design to assess the level of altered lipid profile, lipoprotein sub fractions, oxidative stress and antioxidants in coronary artery disease with type-2 diabetes mellitus’s patients and non diabetic patients. Methods: This case–control study included 300 subjects; out of which, 100 subjects were with normal blood glucose level and with normal ECG (Normal, N), 100 subjects  were with normal blood glucose level and AMI (non-diabetic and AMI, N-AMI) and 100 subjects were with diabetes and AMI (Diabetic and AMI, D-AMI) Results: D-AMI individuals had high level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and low level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in comparison to N-AMI individuals. The cardiac markers such as Troponin I, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly increased in patients suffering from myocardial infarction with diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to patients of myocardial infarction without DM. The antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were lower in D-AMI patients than in N-AMI. However, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) were higher in D-AMI than in N-AMI controls. Conclusion: Our study suggested that patients with D-AMI have elevated cardiac markers and reduced antioxidants levels as compared to N-AMI patient. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Acute Myocardial Infarction, Creatine Phosphokinase, Glutathione