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In this study, we demonstrate that a large potential can be generated when one end of 1D and/or 2D semiconducting nanostructures such as zinc oxide (ZnO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) is exposed to a wide species of chemical molecules. In particular, single-crystalline semiconductor ZnO NW arrays are chosen as the functional media to generate electricity from various molecules including gaseous species from human breath, and to drive a single CNT field-effect transistor (FET). They are biocompatible and have fast electron transfer kinetics, [12] and the crystal facets of ZnO including the top polar (0001) or (0001 ) and side nonpolar (1010) surfaces can actively interact with various molecules. [13] The magnitude of the voltage generated by ZnO NWs is about one order of magnitude larger than the typical streaming or piezoelectric potentials. The notion of voltage generation through moleculesurface interactions has the advantages of simplicity, costeffectiveness, fast response to a wide range of molecules, and high power output, making our approach a promising tool in energy conversion and sensing applications. Nanoenergy Generators www.advancedsciencenews.com

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