Gelombang besar atau tsunami merupakan gelombang yang dibangkitkan secara tektonik akibat pergeseran lempeng di laut. Dampaknya sangat besar bila gelombang ini merambat ke pantai, sebagai contoh peristiwa di Aceh dan Papua. Hal yang serupa ada kemungkinan terjadi di Sumatera, karena daerah ini mempunyai sesar di laut dan di daratan. Upaya mengurangi dampaknya ke pantai, perlu dilakukan, salah satunya simulasi secara fisik untuk dapat memprediksi dan melihat seberapa jauh dampak gelombang besar (tsunami) pada suatu lokasi. Secara teoritis sudah ada prediksi para ahli, tetapi tidak mencerminkan yang sesungguhnya. Dimana faktor karakteristik pantai, kedalaman laut, serta muara sungai sangat dominan mempengaruhi perilaku gelombang ke pantai. Pada tahap pertama lokasi daerah Purus dan Ulak Karang sekitarnya sebagai objek penelitian. Model dibuat dengan meniru bentuk asli dilapangan dengan melakukan beberapa penyederhanaan. Simulasi ombak (gelombang) dan banjir dilakukan dengan menumpahkan air dengan debit tertentu dan ketinggian tertentu (minimum tiga variasi masing-masingnya). Selanjutnya diamati dampak yang terjadi pada daerah daratan dengan mengukur kedalaman serta luasnya genangan (inundation). Dari penelitian ini diperoleh pada daerah Purus, yaitu jalan Raden Saleh (jalur evakuasi) tidak aman untuk dilewati pada simulasi gelombang sedang dan besar. Dimana aliran air relatif lebih cepat dibanding daerah lainnya. Begitu pula untuk daerah dekat drainase/sungai aliran semakin cepat mengalir dan kedalaman lebih tinggi.Jarak tempuh dari pinggir ke daerah aman harus lebih kecil dari 20 menit dengan kecepatan lebih besar dari 5 km/jam. Dari semua perlakuan daerah aman berada 2,5 km dari pantai. Untuk mengurangi risiko terhadap bencana, maka perlu dilakukan kajian lanjutan terhadap tata letak bangunan, kanal, maupun breakwater sepanjang pantai serta kombinasinya. Keywords: model, aliran, genangan, tsunami,pantai, Padang

Rapid developments in the catchments, such as deforestation and loss of swamp areas, and in the city, such us sealing off unpaved areas have resulted in higher runoff and deteriorated the river's conveyance capacity. Critical flooding conditions occur in the city, particularly during heavy rainfall and high tidal flow. Inundation can be characterized as river, tidal, flash and urban flood. A number of flood defense measures have been implemented, designed for return periods of 15 to 50 years, and nonstructural measures within communities who live in flood-prone areas. However, strategies consisting of both structural and nonstructural measures should be developed, upgrade current flood defense practices in Indonesia to a higher safety level, complying with a return period of 50 to 100 years. An integrated and holistic approach is necessary to find solutions for flood management problems in Indonesia. Besides, a regional Water Resources Management plan should be developed, taking into account both flooding and water scarcity issues. The study at hand describes various flood management strategies, each compiled on the basis of different starting points, such as structural measures, non-structural measures, environmental considerations, etc. The implementation of strategies, or separate measures, should focus on priorities for areas most frequently affected. On the short term, efficiency and low-cost measures should be implemented, such as flood forecasting and early warming and flood proofing. In addition, planning of mid and long-term measures should commence on short notice. In the mid-term, larger scale and sustainable measures should be implemented in order to reach a safe level with return periods of 50 to 100 years in the future. Finally, however involving stakeholders and the local communities in planning, development, and implementation of strategies and measures are of utmost importance.

Differences in temperature, duration of irradiation, wind speed, watershed shape, slope, and rainfall are the factors that determine the amount of evaporation and discharge flow also characterizing of the watershed. As noted, the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures is over6 and the dry season happens mostly from May to October in West Sumatra Province each year. It, of course,will affect the magnitude of potential evapotranspiration and the minimum water flow that tend to decrease. Therefore, a particular evaluation of the impact of drought or susceptibility to water potential of the watersheds in the Areas of Akuaman River of West Sumatra should be undertaken. The methods used were the standard of Ministry of Forestry of Indonesiathe Agency for Research and Development of Forestry and the Center for Research and Development of Conservation and Rehabilitation 2012 and Arc-GIS-10.3 software to determine the index of vulnerability to drought and Cropwat-8to calculate evapotranspiration by Penman-Monteith method. The evaluation results show evapotranspiration value was 5.32 mm / day, 161.7 mm / month and the category of susceptibility tended to be medium and somewhat vulnerable. A review of the aspect of service levels of the use of water and minimum specific discharge is seen that in small watersheds is more susceptible to get drought than larger basins. It is therefore suggested to stakeholders to consider the possibilities for watershed integration as a solution to improve water supply for irrigation.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan software Autodesk® Revit® dan Autodesk® Naviswork® Manage untuk pekerjaan Quantity Take-Off dan menganalisa perbedaan hasil perhitungan QTO berbasis Building Information Modeling dan QTO manual. Studi kasus penelitian adalah Data Perencanaan Gedung Bappeda Kota Padang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat BIM Model Gedung tersebut berdasarkan Detail Engineering Design. Selanjutnya dilakukan review model dengan tools Clash Detection pada Autodesk® Naviswork® Manage, selanjutnya BIM Model tersebut dihitung volumenya. Hasil perhitungannya kemudian dibandingkan dan dianalisa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada beberapa kelebihan dan  kekurangan  dalam penggunaan  software tersebut untuk  pekerjaan  QTO. Item pekerjaan arsitektur yang dihitung sebanyak 146 item pekerjaan, ditemukan 88 pekerjaan sesuai dengan volume manual, 4 pekerjaan hampir sesuai dengan volume manual, 10 pekerjaan tidak sesuai dengan volume manual dan 44 pekerjaan tidak dapat dihitung. Item pekerjaan stuktur yang dihitung sebanyak 122 item pekerjaan, ditemukan 113 pekerjaan sesuai dengan volume manual, 2 pekerjaan hampir sesuai dengan volume manual, 6 pekerjaan tidak sesuai dengan volume manual dan 1 pekerjaan tidak dapat dihitung.

The need for space for shelter as well as the place of business is always increasing in urban areas. To provide enough space, it is usually done vertically. The building becomes two or more stories high. This building grows along the highway and on the beach, for cities that are on the coast. Seawalls or dams are usually used to protect the driving force of the waves to shore and their construction is massive. But building prices are very expensive. However, the existence of multi-story buildings can also reduce and protect coastal areas against tsunami waves. However, not many researchers have examined this case by physically modeling it in the existing conditions. Based on that experiment research is conducted by imitating the real condition of the location of the affected waves. Simulations are carried out using models. The multi-story building model is made from styrofoam which is placed on the location map from satellite imagery. Then observed the effect of inundation and current propagation by generating waves. A single wave is generated by adjusting the height of the fall and the volume of water from the tank to the test object. The simulation results show a reduction in current propagation length and puddle depth of about 40%. The decrease in water depth is better as the floor of the building increases. As a recommendation, the multi-story building effect can help the community in determining the route and length of time for evacuation from the start of the incident to a safe place.