The relevance of the research is determined by the contemporary interest to the intercultural communication in the context of the anthropocentric paradigm of modern linguistics. The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of communicative interaction between the citizens of Germany and the German-speaking cantons of Switzerland. The systematic analysis of studies on the communicative styles of Germans living in Germany and Switzerland allowed us to determine their main features. The study showed that the communication between the analyzed ethno-cultural communities is complicated by a number of linguistic and culturally-conditioned problems. While the inhabitants of Germany demonstrate the characteristic features of the low-context culture, the communicative style of the German-speaking Swiss is mitigative as they are referred to the high-context culture. The socio-cultural differences in the mutual perception of the analyzed ethnosocial groups lead to the formation of stereotypes and clichés which influence the intercultural communication. The materials of the paper may be used in comparative cultural linguistics, country and cultural studies.

ГЛАВНЫЙ РЕДАКТОР С.С. Тахтарова-доктор филологических наук, доцент (г. Казань, Россия) ВЫПУСКАЮЩИЙ РЕДАКТОР А.Р. Баранова-кандидат педагогических наук, доцент (г. Казань, Россия) НАУЧНЫЙ РЕДАКТОР Л.Р. Сакаева-доктор филологических наук, профессор (г. Казань, Россия) ШЕФ-РЕДАКТОР Д.Р. Сабирова-доктор педагогических наук, доцент (г. Казань, Россия) ОТВЕТСТВЕННЫЙ СЕКРЕТАРЬ Н.А. Сигачева-кандидат педагогических наук, доцент (г. Казань, Россия) РЕДАКЦИОННАЯ КОЛЛЕГИЯ Л.В. Базарова-кандидат филологических наук, доцент (г. Наб. Челны, Россия) С.И. Беленцов-доктор педагогических наук, профессор (г.Курск, Россия) Л.Е. Бушканец-доктор филологических наук, доцент (г. Казань, Россия) Г.Я. Гревцева-член-корреспондент Российской Академии Естествознания, доктор педагогических наук (г. Челябинск, Россия) Н.В. Громова-доктор филологических наук, профессор (г. Москва, Россия) Г.К. Кенжетаева-кандидат филологических наук, доцент (г. Павлодар, Казахстан) В.А. Митягина-доктор филологических наук, профессор (г. Волгоград, Россия) Е.А. Морозкина-доктор филологических наук, профессор (г. Уфа, Россия) Р.З. Мурясов-доктор филологических наук, профессор (г. Уфа, Россия) О.И. Редькин-доктор филологических наук, профессор (г. Санкт-Петербург, Россия) В.В. Сдобников-доктор филологических наук, доцент (г. Нижний Новгород, Россия) Ф.Г. Фаткуллина-действительный член Российской Академии Естественных наук, доктор филологических наук, профессор (г. Уфа, Россия) В.И. Шаховский-доктор филологических наук, профессор (г. Волгоград, Россия) Ф.З. Яхин-доктор филологических наук, профессор (г. Казань, Россия) П. Коста-доктор наук, профессор (г. Потсдам, Германия) Х. Девели-доктор наук, профессор (г. Стамбул, Турция

The article is devoted to the consideration of the main characteristics of politeness as a sociocultural phenomenon based on the material of the German linguistic culture in a historical perspective; a general characteristic of codified and individual politeness is given. The dominant features of German politeness in the diachronic aspect are determined. The ambivalent attitude towards politeness in the German ethnic society was determined not only by the development of society, but also by foreign policy priorities in a specific historical period. Calls for politeness intensified in Germany at historical turning points and were aimed either at reminding the new, emerging social strata of the norms of behavior of the older generation, or with the goal of reporting on the virtues of the new social class. The paper concluded that German politeness throughout its development was marked by the confrontation of two directions - the desire for tactful, indirect politeness and commitment to critical ethics, advocating traditional German honesty and frankness. The juxtaposition of formal, external and internal politeness is consistently carried out in studies devoted to various aspects of politeness on the material of the German linguistic culture. The article presents the results of an associative experiment aimed at determining how the German language speakers understand politeness and allowed to establish the modification of the dominants of politeness and polite behavior in the modern German ethnic society.

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The article is devoted to the study of mitigation strategies and tactics in scientific discourse on the material of English, German and Russian languages. Objectivity, accuracy, consistency and clarity of presentation are traditionally distinguished as the main style-forming factors of scientific discursive practice focused on scientific knowledge. At the same time, the anthropocentrism of modern linguistic science naturally led to the inclusion in the focus of research interest of the subjective components of the scientific discourse, in which the personality of the addressee of the scientific text is reflected and to which the category of mitigation can be properly attributed. The strategy of assertive mitigation is realized in the scientific text through ritualized tactics of deictic depersonalization and modalization. These tactics reflect the interaction of two tendencies-the subjective (the author's desire to show the scientific significance of his personal contribution to scientific research, or, on the contrary, to preserve the "face" by softening the categoricity of the presentation) and objective (the desire to present only facts and strong evidence). The paper proves that the assertive mitigation strategy realized in the analyzed languages by ritualized tactics of depersonalization and modalization plays an important role in scientific discourse and serves, in the final analysis, to preserve the "face" of the addressee of the scientific text.