the setup as shown in Figure 6. Low frequency modulation with a sine AC voltage of 1 kHz and the DC bias voltages are added to measure the V . Light with TM polarization is coupled into the waveguide through a single mode fiber. The output light is coupled by another single mode fiber and received by a Ge detector. The detected optical response is simultaneously observed by an oscilloscope as illustrated in Figure 7. The measured V of the modulator is about 8.5 V with a 1.5-cm-long CPW electrode in a 3.5-cm-long device. The optical insert loss of for the TM mode is less than 20 dB. CONCLUSIONSIn conclusion, we have designed and successfully demonstrated a CPW MZ modulator using a strip-loaded waveguide structure based on the hybrid EO material with low cost and good poling stability. We obtain the propagating loss and insert loss of the waveguide at about 2.58 dB/cm and less than 20 dB at 1550 nm, respectively. The CPW modulator is successfully fabricated and the V 's of 8.5 V is obtained. Considering the thermal stabilities of the hybrid film are excellent and the simple processes for the device fabrication, this type of device has great potential for electro-optic devices applications. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been regarded as critical regulators of human diseases and biological markers in some types of malignancies, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recently, circ_0007534 has been identified as a novel cancer-related circRNA. Nevertheless, its clinical relevance, functional roles, and mechanism have not been studied in PDAC. In the current study, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of circ_0007534 in 60-paired PDAC tissue samples and different cell lines. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays were performed to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastatic properties affected by circ_0007534. An animal study was also carried out. The luciferase reporter assay was performed to uncover the underlying mechanism of circ_0007534. As a result, circ_0007534 was overexpressed not only in PDAC tissues but also in a panel of PDAC cell lines, and this overexpression is closely associated with advanced tumor stage and positive lymph node invasion. In addition, circ_0007534 may be regarded as an independent prognostic factor for patients with PDAC. For the part of functional assays, circ_0007534 significantly increased cell proliferation, migratory, and invasive potential of PDAC cells. Circ_0007534 could inhibit cell apoptosis partly via a Bcl-2/caspase-3 pathway.The xenograft study further confirmed the cell growth promoting the role of circ_0007534. Mechanistically, miR-625 and miR-892b were sponged by circ_0007534. The oncogenic functions of circ_0007534 is partly dependent on its regulation of miR-625 and miR-892b. In conclusion, our study illuminates a novel circRNA that confers an oncogenic function in PDAC. K E Y W O R D S circ_0007534, circular RNA, miR-625, miR-892b, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma J Cell Biochem. 2019;120:3780-3789. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jcb 3780 |

We developed a tandem electrocatalyst for CO 2 -to-CO conversion comprising the single Cu site co-coordinated with N and S anchored carbon matrix (Cu-S 1 N 3 ) and atomically dispersed Cu clusters (Cu x ), denoted as Cu-S 1 N 3 /Cu x . The as-prepared Cu-S 1 N 3 /Cu x composite presents a 100 % Faradaic efficiency towards CO generation (FE CO ) at À0.65 V vs. RHE and high FE CO over 90 % from À0.55 to À0.75 V, outperforming the analogues with Cu-N 4 (FE CO only 54 % at À0.7 V) and Cu-S 1 N 3 (FE CO 70 % at À0.7 V) configurations. The unsymmetrical Cu-S 1 N 3 atomic interface in the carbon basal plane possesses an optimized binding energy for the key intermediate *COOH compared with Cu-N 4 site. At the same time, the adjacent Cu x effectively promotes the protonation of *CO 2 À by accelerating water dissociation and offering *H to the Cu-S 1 N 3 active sites. This work provides a tandem strategy for facilitating proton-coupled electron transfer over the atomic-level catalytic sites.Electrochemical reduction CO 2 to value-added fuels using renewable electricity is one of appealing CO 2 utilization strategies for management of the global carbon balance. [1] Recent technoeconomic analysis shows that the reduction of CO 2 to CO or formic acid through two-electron transfer processes is the most economical approach for CO 2 conversion, owing to their high added value per KJ of electrical energy input. [2] As a typical product, CO, especially with high purity, is very attractive, because it can be readily used as an important feed-stock for a couple of chemical engineering processes such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. [3] Thus, efficient CO 2 -to-CO conversion catalysts with adequate activity and selectivity are highly desired.

Carbon-based single-atom catalysts (SACs) with well-defined and homogeneously dispersed metal−N 4 moieties provide a great opportunity for CO 2 reduction. However, controlling the binding strength of various reactive intermediates on catalyst surface is necessary to enhance the selectivity to a desired product, and it is still a challenge.