The problem of global climate change is on the agenda of mankind, not only because of the average annual temperature rise on the planet but also because of changes in the entire geosystem, rising global oceans, melting ice and permanent glaciers, increasing uneven rainfall, changing river flow patterns and climate instability, other changes involved. The world pays special attention to research work to develop technologies for the management and efficient use of water resources. In particular, it is important to conduct research to develop new water-saving irrigation technologies using cheap and chemical, and technical means.

Ecosystem vulnerability increases significantly when anthropogenic factors overlap with the effects of adverse climate change, which together negatively affect biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. According to ADB forecasts, the inflow to the lower reaches of the Amu Darya will decrease by 26-35% by 2050. The combined effect of higher water demand and lower inflow will increase the current water shortage - the annual water shortage will increase to 50% of the total demand. In connection with the projected changes, the current state of water resources of the Amu Darya river, as well as the need for the socioeconomic development of the region, the task of assessing the projected impact of climate change on the availability and quality of water resources becomes urgent.