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Power generation from electrochemical devices based on solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is in great demand for both stationary and automotive applications to achieve carbon neutrality goals by 2050. In particular, SOFCs are known for their fuel-flexible operations; for example, SOFCs can operate on simple and complex renewable fuels (such as ethanol, natural gas, jet fuel, propane, etc.). Unlike H2-based fuel cells, liquid and hydrocarbon fuels in SOFCs adopt the existing fuel infrastructure and contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions significantly. This article presents the potential of using metal-based SOFCs (metal cells) as highly performing and durable power generators. The metal cells technology could be the most accessible solution for using SOFCs for versatile industrial needs.

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In this work, praseodymium based double perovskite (PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co1.5Fe0.5O5+𝛿) - PBSCF nanofibers cathodes were fabricated by electrospinning technique for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs).The optimized three-dimensional nanofiber network cathode provides high porosity coupled with the higher interfacial contact area, leading to a faster oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics. EIS analysis of the nanofiber structured cathode resulted in a polarization resistance of ~0.025 Ω cm2 at 750 °C. Resulted low resistance is smaller than the commercial LSCF cathode showing polarization resistance of ~0.041 Ω cm2 at 750 °C. The peak power densities of the PBSCF fibers are ~2539, 1580 and 993 mW/ cm2 at 750, 700, and 650 °C, respectively when compared to LSCF cathode performance of ~ 1974, 1304 and 769 mW/ cm2 at same temperature. Such promising performance of fiber cathode IT-SOFCs in this study was achieved via careful selection of the catalyst structure and composition, electrode structure for efficient ORR, and perhaps through process optimizations. The results obtained in this study illustrates that one-dimensional nanostructures obtained by adopting nanofibers can be an appropriate cathode material choice for intermediate-temperature SOFCs suitable for automotive applications.