Mexico has become the sixth-largest dry chili exporter in the world and the largest chili (Capsicum annuum L) exporter, showing not only its production capacity but also giving it a decisive advantage over its main competitors. The aim of this paper is to describe the competitive structure and dynamics of chili exportations in Mexico over the period 1993-2008. In order to compare the export growth performance with the performance of similar exporter countries, we look at the behavior of the Revealed Export Advantage index and the Constant Market Share Analysis. For all countries included in the analysis, the study considers the U.S as the objective market due to the current dry chili export market participation. The result suggests that Mexico occupies an important place in the global production but not a leadership place in exportations of dry chili at worldwide level.

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Cases of pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum have been reported in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); however, the time to onset and hospital stay have rarely been studied. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with these complications are described to determine the time to onset, associated comorbidities, and location and duration of pneumothorax. A search in PubMed yielded simple frequencies and a bivariate analysis of deaths. There were 113 confirmed cases in 67 articles. The median time from the date of hospital admission to the presence of pneumothorax was 8 days. Right hemithorax was the most frequent form of pneumothorax. Almost half of the patients required intubation for invasive mechanical ventilation. Although the frequency of this phenomenon was not high among hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2, it was high among those who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study contributes to the literature because it presents a large number of patients who developed pneumothorax after admission, which was characterized by clinical deterioration (dyspnea, tachypnea, pleuritic chest pain, and subcutaneous emphysema) and low oxygen saturation levels. Pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum is recommended as a differential diagnosis, even without considering the presence of chronic pulmonary comorbidities or invasive mechanical ventilation.

Undoubtedly, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected people’s lives in aspects related to health, the economy, society, culture, education, tourism, etc. Common to all these aspects is “incorporeity” and “tele-existence,” which lend a sense of continuity to our lives. Žižek raised the following question: “What in our system has failed, so much so that the catastrophe caught us completely off guard despite warnings by scientists?” We described the COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance in Mexico, with reflexions of other important authors and the mistakes. For example, a contradictory situation was the creation of an alternative, parallel and centralized system for the epidemiological surveillance of suspected cases of COVID-19 in Mexico; another mistake was to compare SARS-CoV-2 with last pandemic caused by a respiratory virus, epidemic outbreak of measles continued to be monitored in several states at the same time, wrong health policies (especially Latin). This pandemic should serve as a warning and guide the conscience and legacy of subsequent generations.

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