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<p>El objeto de este trabajo es evaluar el proceso de incorporación de las Competencias Básicas (CCBB) entre los docentes de Educación Primaria. 412 maestros (296 mujeres y 116 varones; <em>M</em> de edad = 43,9 años) contestaron a un cuestionario <em>ad hoc</em> de 12 ítems en una escala Likert de 6 puntos.  Sexo, edad, formación académica inicial, nivel de formación específica en base a CCBB, así como el ciclo en donde desarrollan la docencia se mostraron como variables diferenciales en la percepción de la implantación del marco competencial. Los maestros de perfil especialista afirman trabajar con mayor referencia a las CCBB que los tutores. Aquellas competencias vinculadas a áreas instrumentales se han mostrado más relevantes que aquellas de carácter más transversal. Sin embargo, los maestros especialistas consideraron más importante las competencias transversales  frente a los tutores que enfatizaron especialmente las instrumentales.</p>

Two phosphonium cation-based ionic liquids (ILs) were studied as additive to a mineral oil. Solubility tests and TGA of neat samples were performed. Three concentrations of the ILs were used in the tribological tests. Base oil-ZDDP mixtures were used as comparison samples. Tribological tests were made using a reciprocating ball-on-disc configuration. Load ramp and Stribeck curve tests were also performed. The worn surface was studied by different techniques. The results showed similar and better friction reduction properties for ILs-or ZDDP-containing mixtures than the neat base oil. The [P 66614 ][(iC8) 2 PO 2 ] -containing mixtures outperformed the antiwear behavior of the other samples. XPS results showed different mechanisms of lubrication when using ILs or ZDDP.

Mechanical properties of parts constructed with additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are highly influenced by raw material and process characteristics. It is widely assumed that a certain degree of anisotropy should be expected in AM parts due to their layer-upon-layer nature. Present work focuses on the PolyJet process, where each layer is built by selective jetting of photopolymers upon flat surfaces and subsequent UV radiation curing. An extensive experimental program was carried out to find out if the so-constructed parts present viscoelastic behavior and if their mechanical characteristics also depend on part orientation. Both hypotheses have been proven true, so a viscoelastic orthotropic-like behavior shall be expected in PolyJet manufactured part. Nevertheless, a significant improvement on material properties has been found for nearly vertical building orientations. This unexpected behavior is related to a shielding effect upon UV curing caused by support material.

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