No abstract

This study investigated national identifications and national attitudes amongst white English children aged 6-7 and 10-11 years old. Eighty children were interviewed using a scale to measure their strength of national identification, and using a trait attribution task and affect questions to measure their attitudes towards four target groups: English people (the ingroup), German people (a salient 'traditional enemy' outgroup), French people (a salient and positively liked outgroup) and Dutch people (a non-salient outgroup). It was found that the children's attitudes to German people developed differently from the way in which their attitudes to French and Dutch people developed. There was also consistent evidence of ingroup favouritism, at both ages. However, there were no significant relationships between the strength of national identification and attitudes towards any of the four target groups, and there were also no gender differences on any of the measures. It is argued that these findings cannot be explained by cognitive-developmental theory. In addition, while social identity theory is able to explain the different developmental patterns displayed by the children's outgroup attitudes, this theory has difficulty in explaining the lack of any relationship between the children's national identifications and attitudes. It is suggested that English children's national attitudes may be driven more by exogenous sources of information about salient national groups than by social identity processes per se.

No abstract

This article presents a range of perspectives on the current state of the scholarly communications sector through the lens of a research-informed university, beginning with a short overview of research at the University of Salford and followed by our assessment of what we feel is working, and indeed not working, with the current system. Based on this, we assess what we feel are the current barriers to change and both how these can be overcome and what we are doing to overcome them. Finally, we provide some commentary on what we feel is the changing open access paradigm and where all this should take us next.

No abstract