Constitutive expression of the inflammatory cytokine tumor
the weights resected. The average rate of resection was 101 g/min with an average operating time of 58 minutes. The average volume of blood transfused per patient was 1 9 units, but 25 patients required no transfusion. Postoperatively a 22F three-way catheter was used and the bladder irrigated with saline until the bleeding had stopped. ResultsOf the 102 patients, two died in the postoperative period. Both were in category 3 of preoperative fitness. One was an 85-year-old diabetic with a badly ischaemic leg, the other a 92-year-old man in whom a fat embolus was diagnosed post mortem. This was believed to have occurred after the prostatic capsule was perforated.Eleven patients had urinary infections around the time of the operation and nine had positive urine cultures towards the end of the hospital stay. All infections were treated with appropriate chemotherapy. Throughout the period under review the policy was to remove the catheter on the fourth postoperative morning. In 17 patients the catheter was removed at some other time, the average being 5 6 days postoperatively. Although the average time spent in hospital after operation was 8-3 days, 21 patients were discharged on the sixth day. All patients were seen in the outpatient department one and four months after their operation. They were then discharged if symptom free but kept under review if any problems were apparent.Ninety patients reported that they had good control of their urine with no dribbling at any time and were thus classified as having good continence. Nine patients, whose basic control was good but who suffered occasional dribbling, enuresis, or similar symptoms, were classified as having fair continence. Three patients were frankly incontinent: one was acceptably dry at 18 months, but the other two continued to need incontinence padding or an appliance.It was our routine practice not to pass urethral sounds at the follow-up visits unless the patient complained that his stream was poor. Four patients, however, had developed urethral strictures and required between two and six dilatations. All patients had a midstream specimen of urine taken at four months and six had an infection, the offending organisms being mainly coliforms or proteus. DiscussionOnce a man with benign prostatic hypertrophy has developed appreciable bladder outflow obstruction giving episodes of acute retention or retention with overflow incontinence surgical intervention is necessary. The choice is permanent catheterisation or an operation. An operation is preferable provided it can be done safely because it offers a permanent cure in most cases, whereas an indwelling catheter represents a permanent source of inconvenience and potential danger.The advantage of transurethral resection is that virtually nobody is too frail to withstand it, particularly with the increasing use of regional anaesthesia. We have found that the state of many patients on preoperative anaesthetic assessment is such that they would be fit for a transurethral resection but not for an open operation. ...
No abstract
Cultivated murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) frequently accumulate chromosome abnormalities, become oncogenically transformed, and generate sarcomas when transplanted in mice. Although human MSCs appear to be more resistant, oncogenic transformation has also been observed in MSCs cultivated past the senescence phase. Cell therapy for tissue regeneration using human autologous MSCs requires transplantation of cells previously expanded in vitro. Thus, an important concern is to determine if oncogenic transformation is a necessary outcome of the expansion procedures. We have analyzed the proliferation capacity, organ colonization, and oncogenicity of enhanced green fluorescent protein and luciferase-labeled human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs), implanted in immunocompromised mice during a prolonged time period (8 months) using a non-invasive bioluminescence imaging procedure. Our data indicates that the liver was the preferred target organ for colonization by intramuscular or intravenous implantation of hAMSCs. The implanted cells tended to maintain a steady state, population did not proliferate rapidly after implantation, and no detectable chromosomal abnormalities nor tumors formed during the 8 months of residence in the host's tissues. It would appear that hAMSCs, contrary to their murine correlatives, could be safe candidates for autologous cell therapy procedures since in our experiments they show undetectable predisposition to oncogenic transformation after cultivation in vitro and implantation in mice.
Human PRL receptor cDNA clones from hepatoma (Hep G2) and breast cancer (T-47D) libraries were isolated by using a rat PRL receptor cDNA probe. The nucleotide sequence predicts a mature protein of 598 amino acids with a much longer cytoplasmic domain than the rat liver PRL receptor. Although this extended region has additional segments of localized sequence identity with the human GH receptor, there is no identity with any consensus sequences known to be involved in hormonal signal transduction. This cDNA will be a valuable tool to better understand the role of PRL in the development and growth of human breast cancer.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.