A new species of Lepanthes from southwestern Colombia is presented here. Lepanthes farallonensis belongs to the informal group “manabina”, which comprises species with concave and commonly pubescent leaves, flowers resting at the adaxial side of the leaves, and the synsepal with short to long tails. Lepanthes farallonensis is similar to L. smaragdina in the broadly ovate dorsal sepal but differs in the conspicuously twisted upper lobes of the petals, outwardly bent and a depression at the center of the laminae of the lip.

abstract. A new species of Pleurothallis from subsection Macrophyllae-Racemosae is described from Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Morphological characteristics to distinguish this species from Pleurothallis bicornis, P. subreniformis and P. torrana are presented. The micromorphology of the lip of the new species was studied utilizing scanning electron microscopy. Labellar micromorphology is discussed in relation to putative pollination mechanisms.

A new species belonging to Masdevallia section Racemosae is described from South-Western Colombia. It is very similar to Masdevallia racemosa, the only other member of the section, with which it shares the characteristic repent habit, loose multi-flowered inflorescence, and striking red-orange flowers. However, Masdevallia mirandae can be distinguished by the adaxially hispid sepals and the elliptic petals with a rounded apex. The new species is restricted to The Farallones de Cali National Natural Park and its populations are threatened by illegal mining activities.

Pleurothallis subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae is the most species-rich infrageneric grouping within this genus. Within this subsection, based on floral and vegetative morphology, we recognize the P. cardiostola-P. lilijae complex, an expansion of Luer's previously proposed subsection Cardiostolae. The nature of the two species P. cardiostola and P. lilijae is clarified here to allow comparison to an additional 24 possible members of the complex. Recognizing P. lanigera as distinct from P. cardiostola, and the other putative species as distinct from each other, brings the complex of previously described species to 26. In the process of reviewing living material and photographs of these species, as well as of the many plants misidentified as P. lilijae, it quickly became apparent that there are multiple undescribed species in this group. Six new species from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru are described herein. Each species is typified, described and illustrated, in most cases with a drawing, a composite digital plate, photos to show floral variability, and a scanning electron micrograph of the lip. Including these additional 6 species brings the P. cardiostola-P. lilijae complex to 32 members, which is both more numerous and more widely distributed than the P. cardiothallis-P. titan complex. One characteristic of species in this group is the copious production of nectar-like liquid on the lip and a prominent glenion.