W e surveyed psychology majors who paduated between 1967 and 1986 to investigate gender and cohort differences in curreht perceptions of undergraduate course usefulness, postbaccalaureate education, and occupational achievements. W e found that more women than men (a) obtained bacheh's degrees inpsychology during the 20-year period; (b) earned advanced degrees in psychology and psychology-related fields; and 4c) in recent years, worked in psychology a d psychology-related positions. The two courses most frequently named as useful since graduation were Abnormal Psychology and Methodology. Our results provide evidence for the male flight from and the resulting feminization of the undergraduate psychology major.

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With intracranial electric shock in the posterior hypothalamus as the source of positive reinforcement, eleven rats were trained to run and "count" in an operant version of the Lashley III maze. In seven animals, bilateral lesions were made in anterior medial forebrain bundle regions; in four animals bilateral lesions were made in anterior thalamic and caudate regions. In earlier experiments anterior medial forebrain bundle lesions had failed to abolish a simple Skinner box behavior rewarded by electric stimulation in the posterior hypothalamus. The possibility was raised that if the response were more complex, lesions in anterior medial forebrain bundle, severing connections between paleocortex and hypothalamus, might cause deficits. The data confirmed this supposition. Four weeks after lesions in anterior medial forebrain bundle, there was almost total deficit in maze and counting behavior. Thirteen weeks after lesions some recovery had occurred, but counting still showed large deficits. Independent Skinner box tests showed that most of these rats were still reinforced by the hypothalamic stimulation. Lesions in thalamic and caudate areas caused minor and temporary deficits. The conclusion was drawn that paleocortical-hypothalamic connections are important when hypothalamic stimulation is used to reinforce behaviors which are complex in character in the sense of drawing upon memory or integrative factors.

Drug tests were made on a behavior pattern which alternated between escape from midbrain stimulation and escape from thalamic stimulation. As the behavior and testing procedures were the same, and as the alternated tests were made intercurrently during the same drug session, the differences in effect depended entirely on the differences between the two points of stimulation. The mesencephalically stimulated escape behavior was regularly far more vulnerable to both chlorpromazine and meprobamate than the thalamically stimulated escape behavior.

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