In this paper, we extend recent work exploring the prevalence of outlying committees in American state legislatures. Using an expanded sample of 45 states and measures of legislator preferences generated by a single, federated group, we find that most legislative committees are representative of the parent chambers from which their members are selected. Furthermore, we test multivariate models designed to account for theoretically relevant patterns in variations in outlier percentages among control and noncontrol committees. The fact that our models are such poor predictors of nonrepresentative committees speaks to the idiosyncratic nature of the relatively small percentage of outlying committees in the states. This conclusion, in turn, provides further support for the proposition that representative committees are simply rational.

Recently, several studies of Congress and the state legislatures have found evidence to support the information theory of legislative organization, that is, that legislatures develop committees whose characteristics reflect those of the parent body so as to acquire unbiased policy and political information. However, most of these studies have been conducted on the lower, larger legislative chambers. Senates, as smaller bodies that often follow the lead of legislation originating in their lower chambers, may have less need for unbiased information, perhaps allowing those bodies to develop more outlying, unrepresentative committees. We test this hypothesis in 42 state senates and find that unrepresentative committees also tend to be the exception in these upper chambers. Furthermore, as shown in previous studies of state house committees, the frequency of committee outliers in state senates appears to be idiosyncratic, with cultural, political, and institutional variables being unable to account for their observed patterns. While results support the information theory of legislative organization, evidence of outliers among party delegations on committees in these senates provides some support for the party-dominant theory.

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Community and technical colleges are vital to their regional economies and the economic well-being of their area residents. With their open doors, twoyear colleges are entry ways to postsecondary education for a variety of students. Because community college student groups have differing needs, it is important to understand the diverse student populations these institutions serve. Student age is one of the most important distinguishing characteristics that colleges should account for; traditional college-age students tend to have different enrollment patterns and academic support needs than older students do (Calcagno, Crosta, Bailey, and Jenkins, 2007). Within these age groupings, colleges should assess the needs in their communities for high school students concurrently enrolled in college, recent high school graduates, and older adult populations with a range of prior learning and attainment (McGuinness and Jones, 2003).For the past several years, the Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges has conducted applied research to inform and develop policies for increasing educational attainment and narrowing educational 59 6

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