The development of highly integrated, safety-relevant automotive functions is faced with the challenge of increasing complexity resulting from product customization and variants in implementation through software-hardware solutions. In order to reduce development time in this scenario, systematic reuse of engineering artifacts is important. This paper introduces a systematic model-based engineering approach that combines architecture design, requirements engineering, and safety analyses with variant management and provides evaluation results to address these challenges. In detail, this tool-supported approach achieves a new level of seamless safety engineering across variants by enabling typical safety lifecycle artifacts to be represented in a homogeneous, UML-compliant model notation. Safety-related information is no longer scattered in various isolated tools and formats, but instead consolidated and integrated.A further and decisive benefit of this notation is that variability can now be expressed and managed easily by regular variant management tools with UML adapters. Together with changeimpact analysis, which is facilitated equally the ultimate goal of developing and maintaining modular safety cases can be achieved. Examples on how to use this model-based safety engineering method for variant-rich automotive functions are presented for a hazard analysis, a fault tree analysis and for a safety concept specification.
Traditionally, integration and quality assurance of embedded systems are done entirely at development time. Moreover, since such systems often perform safety-critical tasks and work in human environments, safety analyses are performed and safety argumentations devised to convince certification authorities of their safety and to certify the systems if necessary. Collaborative embedded systems, however, are designed to integrate and collaborate with other systems dynamically at runtime. A complete prediction and analysis of all relevant properties during the design phase is usually not possible, as many influencing factors are not yet known. This makes the application of traditional safety analysis and certification techniques impractical, as they usually require a complete specification of the system and its context in advance. In the following chapter, we introduce new techniques to meet this challenge and outline a safety certification concept specifically tailored to collaborative embedded systems.
Traditionally, safety engineering has been a matter of tables and textual documents and even of pen and paper. Even in the age of computerization, this did has not really changed significantly, as the state of the practice in safety engineering is nowadays dominated by Excel sheets and Word files. Nevertheless, a range of computer-aided safety analysis and modeling techniques have emerged and are being put to good use. The problem here is, however, that there is a lack of profound integration between different safety artifacts on the one hand and the general engineering artifacts on the other hand. In addition, between the different safety analysis techniques and the regular engineering techniques, there is usually a range of different tools in use that are not really compatible with each other. To overcome this problem, we conceptualized and implemented an integrated multi-analyses and multi-viewpoint safety engineering tool that enables tight integration between different models within and across different engineering disciplines. This paper gives an overview of the main features of this tool.
Traditionally, the preferred means of documentation used by safety engineers have been sheets-and text-based solutions. However, in the last decades, the introduction of model-driven engineering in conjunction with Component-Based Design has been influencing the way safety engineers perform their tasks; especially in the area of fault analysis, model-driven approaches have been developed aimed at coupling fault trees with architecture models. Doing this fosters communication between engineers, may reduce design effort, and makes artifacts easier to maintain and reuse. In this paper, we want to move forward in this direction and take another step in the modeling of Component Fault Trees in combination with the modeling of the architecture design. We propose a hazard-centric approach for the definition of multiple realization views for fault analysis using Component Fault Trees. The approach is composed of a modeling method and a tool solution. We illustrate our approach with a real-life example from the automotive industry.
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