Over the past two decades, there have been multiple studies and analyses conducted to separate and identify the components of a hit song in popular music. Some of the research has focused on a body of work (corpus studies) while others have honed in on individual songs. This paper is a multi-factor analysis of popular music recordings that attained ranking on the Billboard Hot 100 charts over the period 2014 to 2015. The purpose of this research study is to define current practices used in modern songwriting and music production. It is the author's view that in today's commercial music market both songwriting and song production techniques share a good deal of overlap. Production and engineering techniques are becoming a much more important part of the composition in today's market, branching out from their historical role of simply reinforcing good tone or adding ear candy. Many modern hit songwriters are also producers and vice versa.By applying statistical analysis to a number of metrics, including tempo, form, introduction length, song length, archetypes, subject matter, and repetition of title, common trends of songwriting and music production were garnered. Items such as number of weeks on the Hot 100 and the song's peak position and number of songwriters and the song's peak position showed statistically significant relationships.Common practices identified in modern production and songwriting included, but were not limited to: 1) Writing songs about love and using the "Lover" archetype, 2) Using the song's title as the hook and repeating it multiple times, 3) Co-writing, 4) Experimenting with new song forms, and 5) Using different textures in the song's production that draw in listeners from different genres.

Most casual listeners would regard the job of a professional songwriter or producer as more of an art than a science. Yet some producers and songwriters consistently create songs that make listeners shout, weep, buy, and even illegally download the music they are hearing. These types of writers are typically not available to apprentice hundreds of students so, how do we learn from their craft? This article attempts to answer several questions about the concept of hit song science (HSS) as related to the instruction of future music producers and songwriters. Hit song science is defined as the task that attempts to predict, prior to its distribution, whether a given song will be a commercial success solely based on its audio characteristics (De Bie, et al. 2011). Questions include: 1. What do modern hit songs have in common, and how are they changing? 2. What techniques can an aspiring producer and songwriter use to effectively reach a commercial audience? 3. What type of song is reaching the top of the charts in this new world of social media, digital distribution, illegal downloading, and radio consolidation?