The present study provides an overview of the latest scientific developments in the field of application and modification of ion exchange sorbents and membranes made of granular and powdery polyvinyl chloride (PVC), focusing on some scientific works, such as water and wastewater treatment, ion exchange, gas separation, etc. For this purpose, an introduction to the various methods of modifying PVC is first given, and then the application of ion exchange sorbents and membrane is discussed. Methods of modification of PVC under homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions using modifiers containing N, S, and O atoms are also described. Various ion-exchange sorbents and membranes based on PVC, methods for modifying PVC and the use of the obtained ion-exchange sorbents and membranes are viewed. A comparison of the sorption properties of ion-exchange sorbents based on PVC and sorbents used in industry has also been carried out.

Chemical modification of plasticized polyvinylchloride with polyethylenepolyamine leads to anion exchange resin (PPE-1). Different characterization techniques, such as XRD, FTIR, and SEM of PPE-1 anion exchanger revealed weak base amino groups as well as macroporous structure morphology. PPE-1 turned out effective to remove hexavalent chromium ions from aqueous media. Corresponding adsorption kinetics best fit the pseudo-second order model that followed a Freundlich isotherm. In the case of hexavalent chromium ions, the maximum adsorption capacity of PPE-1 was 218.4 mg/g. Thermodynamic data revealed spontaneous endothermic processes and a chemisorption reaction. In addition, results show that the anion exchanger (PPE-1) has 98% for removing hexavalent chromium ions containing from wastewater.

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In this article, we studied the process of obtaining nitrogen‐ and sulfur‐containing polyampholyte by chemical modification of sulphocation exchanger. Which is synthesized based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC), with polyethylenepolyamine. Besides, the PVC and synthesized ion exchange resins were characterized using different tools such as FT‐IR, scanning electron microscope, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray. Moreover, the synthesized polyampholyte was used as effective adsorbents for removing Co (II) and Cr (III) ions from aqueous solutions. The Freundlich isotherm and the pseudo‐second order kinetic model were more consistent with the removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions. In the case of Co (II) and Cr (III), the maximum adsorption capacity was 3.45 and 3.97 mmol g−1, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters of the sorption process of metal ions such as free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔН), and entropy (ΔS) of the system were calculated. Furthermore, we find that the adsorption processes were spontaneous and chemisorption.

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