No abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in regulating various biological processes, such as cell differentiation and immune modulation by binding to their target genes. miR-223 is a miRNA with important functions and has been widely investigated in recent years. Under certain physiological conditions, miR-223 is regulated by different transcription factors, including sirtuin1 (Sirt1), PU.1 and Mef2c, and its biological functions are mediated through changes in its cellular or tissue expression. This review paper summarizes miR-223 biosynthesis and its regulatory role in the differentiation of granulocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and lymphocytes, macrophage polarization, and endothelial and epithelial inflammation. In addition, it describes the molecular mechanisms of miR-223 in regulating lung inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, enteritis, neuroinflammation and mastitis to provide insights into the existing molecular regulatory networks and therapies for inflammatory diseases in humans and animals.

No abstract

Potential-pH diagrams are presented for the systems Si-HO and Si-F-H20. It is shown that the stability field of elemental silicon lies well below the water stability region, indicating that silicon is highly unstable in water relative to oxidation to Si(IV). Thus, the ability to suppress oxide formation must be attributed to kinetic effects. It is shown further that the introduction of HF and F-into the aqueous phase results in a partial displacement by S1F of the Si(OH)4(aq) and Si02 stability fields originally present in the Si-H20 system. Under some conditions, the SiFt stability domain is nested between two Si02 stability fields. It is suggested that the minimal etching rates observed at relatively low and relatively high pH solutions of HF may be related in part to the presence of the solubility walls in both pH regimes.

No abstract