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A quick and reliable method for the evaluation and classification of two types of tissues is presented. Several chemometric methods were applied to evaluate multivariate data of the tissue samples with respect to the content of trace elements. The content of Pb, Al, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni and Co was determined in samples of healthy and cancerous tissue obtained from 26 patients. Determination was done at milligram/kilogram level with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) techniques. Contents of trace metals in studied tissues are not normally distributed; however, normal distribution was confirmed for log values. There is a statistically significant difference in the content of Zn, Cd, Cu and Al (p < 0.01) and Ni and Co (p < 0.05) when healthy tissue is compared to cancerous one. Correlation between contents of trace elements for studied tissues was positive; the highest was found between Zn and Cu. A chemometric methodology seems to be a promising tool for classifications of the tissue samples.

Interactions among cellulose, hemicellulose and pectins are important for plant cell wall assembly and properties and also for industrial applications of these polysaccharides. Therefore, binding of pectin and xyloglucan on microcrystalline cellulose was investigated in this experiment by adsorption isotherms, zeta potential and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analysis of three isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich and Fowler-Guggenheim isotherms) showed that the experimental adsorption isotherm was well described via the Fowler-Guggenheim model, which includes lateral interaction between the adsorbate. The adsorption isotherm and zeta potential measurement showed that at temperature 25°C only xyloglucan adsorbed on the microcrystalline cellulose. In case of xyloglucan on cellulose, the equilibrium was reached in about 3-4 h, and the kinetics of adsorption were well described by the multiexponential equation. Analysis of the model suggests that two steps can be distinguished: diffusion and reconformation in an adsorbed layer. No adsorption of pectin was observed in this study. SEM study showed that xyloglucan may prevent cellulose from aggregation.

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