In the current work, the widespread of IgG and IgM antibodies to TORCH (Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus) agents were investigated in women with Bad Obstetric History (BOH). The study was conducted on 120 aborted women age (15-40) years who visited Public Health Center in Ibn -Ghazwan and Basra hospital in Basra city, from October 2019 to March 2020. Forty normal women (age matched) were taken as control. IgG and IgM Abs of infections, were tested with used (TORCH) kit IgG and IgM ELISA and VIDAS technique ELFA (Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay) by used Vidas instrument (BioMerieux /France).it is automated immunoassay system. The results showed that the overall of TORCH infection was (75%). This rate contributed the following rates (94.2%, 75.8%, 48.3%, 30.8% and 15%) for Rubella, HSV -1, T. gondii, CMV and HSV-2 respectively. Relationship between aborted women age distribution was important especially women aging from 36-40 years with strongly significant variation between age groups of HSV-2 only (P˂ 0.003).Regarding frequency of TORCH IgG positive according to gestational periods of pregnancy, it did not appear any statistical significant variations between the trimester groups of all TORCH IgG infections, except CMV IgG infection (P˂ 0.04). Residential distribution with type of infection according IgM Antibodies shows that most infection occurred in urban area in all agents except in Toxoplasmainfections, which formed 82.7% in rural area.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious health problem that affects people all over the world and places a heavy financial and social burden on individuals, families, and communities. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the risk factors of T2DM and its relationship to micro- and macrovascular complications. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 1189 individuals with T2DM attending A Tertiary Endocrine Center. All patients’ data were gathered from direct interviewees and the digital records of the tertiary center, which used an internal network system and Microsoft Access program. Results: The mean age was 55.9 ±11.7 years, female 58%, body mass index 31.2 ±5.5 kg/m2, waist circumference 108±11.6 cm, mean duration of T2DM 10.1 ±7 years, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 9.6 ±2.1%. The prevalence risk factors were as follows smoking 27.3%, central obesity 84.3%, history of dyslipidemia 74.6%, family history of T2DM 64.9%, hypertension 63.5%, signs of insulin resistance (IR) 61.7%, gestational Diabetes (GDM) and History of cardiovascular diseases(CVD) 20.9%. These risk factors had a statistically significant impact on both macrovascular and microvascular T2DM. Conclusion: history of dyslipidemia and GDM were the most significant independent risk factors for the prediction of macrovascular complications among T2DM, while female gender, history of dyslipidemia, and GDM were independent risk factors for the prediction of microvascular complications among T2DM. Other risk factors including: History of CVD, hypertension, central obesity, duration of T2DM more than 5 years, estimated GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2, and any signs of IR were significantly effect on both micro- and macrovascular complications, but as dependent risk factors to further cofounders.

Coronavirus disease–2019 (COVID-19) was detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, resulting in a 2% fatality rate. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that causes this illness, and it is a newly discovered zoonotic strain.TLRs, which identify microbial components originating from invading pathogens, are implicated in the activation of innate responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as the hyperinflammatory phenotype of COVID-19. Aim: Determining the most common clinical factors in people with Covid and adopting them as the initial clinical diagnosis.  To reduce the risk of disease. Results: The highest age group of patients with covid_19 was (45-54 years) were 26 (29.5%) of all study patients. The most frequent symptom was fever (82.9%), and the least was diarrhea (21.6%). The study found no significant positive effect on smoking and non-smokers.

Infertility remains a global health challenge with devastating psycho-social consequences in many communities, and the underlying long-term risk of couple separation is also a major clinical and social problem. Infertility is defined as the inability of a couple to conceive naturally after one year of intercourse. A case-control study was carried out among males who have infertility and who attended the Infertility and in vitro fertilization Center of Basrah province in the period extended from September 2021 to June 2022. A questionnaire was used to record The special notes. Seminal fluid samples were collected from (176 patients and controls were divided into 88 patients of male samples and 88 samples of the control group). In the present study, age was divided into three groups, which were statistically non-significant. The residence was also non-significant, which included central and peripheral areas. The results also showed no statistical significance between smokers and nonsmokers. The laboratory results showed that the analyzed seminal fluid parameters such as volume, sperm count, grade A, grade D, and Morphology of sperm in the patient's group differed significantly from that of the control group (P. value <0.05). Compared to primary infertility (N=61,34.6%) or secondary infertility (N=27,15.4%), the analyzed seminal fluid parameters showed no statistical significance. In addition, the seminal fluid abnormalities, which were divided into six groups, that were found significantly statistically significant in patients from controls, include asthenozoospermia, necrozoospermia, teratozoospermia, and leukocytopenia. (P. value <0.05).

Background:Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health issue globally, posing a significant financial and social burden on individuals, families, and communities.The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the risk factors of T2DM and its relationship with macrovascular complications. Methods:A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 1189 individuals with T2DM attending Thi-Qar Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center (TDEMC) in Nasiriya City, Thi-Qar, Southern Iraq. All patients’ data were gathered from the direct interviewees and the digital records of TDEMC, which used an internal network system and Microsoft Access Program. Results: The mean age was 55.9 ±11.7 years, female 58%, body mass index 31.2 ±5.5 kg/m2, waist circumference 108±11.6 cm, One-fifth (20.9%) of this cohort were having an established atherosclerotic cardiovascular. Dyslipidaemia in T2DM was a common biochemical derangement of 77.6% and it increases  the risk of all elements of macrovascular complication at a rate of 87.8% P/<0.001 heart disease, (85.4% P/0.015) stroke and (79.6% P/ 0.063) clinical PAD. Hypertension (63.5%), family history of T2DM (64.9%), history of CVD, sign insulin resistance (61.7%), centralobesity (84.3%), history of gestational diabetes mellitus and estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73m2 were having a significant effect on overall macrovascular complications among T2DM. Conclusion: History of dyslipidemia is the most significant (p=<0.001) independent risk factor for the prediction of macrovascular complications among T2DM, while other risk factors were considered as dependent to further cofounders.