An integrated process was specifically developed for the decentralized supply of drinking water from micro-polluted surface water in the rural areas of China. The treatment process combined ozonation with ceramic ultra-filtration (UF), coagulation for pre-treatment and granular activated carbon filtration. A flat-sheet ceramic membrane was used with a cut-off of 60 nm and the measurement of 254 mm (length) × 240 mm (width) × 6 mm (thickness). Ozonation and ceramic UF was set up whthin one reactor. The experimental results showed that the removal efficiencies of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and the formation potential of trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs) and ammonia were 80%, 76%, 70% and 90%, respectively; that the turbidity of the product water was below 0.2 NTU and the particle count number (particles larger than 2 μm) was less than 50 counts per mL. The result also showed that all the pathogenic microorganisms were retained by the ceramic and that UF. Ozonation played a critical role in the control of membrane fouling and the removal of contaminants. Exactly, the membrane fouling can be controlled in situ with 3 mg L(-1) ozone at the permeate flux of 80 L m(-2) h(-1), yet the required dosage of ozone was dependent on the quality of the raw water. Therefore, this study is able to provide a highly compacted system for decentralized supply of high-quality drinking water in terms of both chemical and microbiological safety for the rural areas in China.

For the first time, an industrial solid waste (CAS) was used for the rapid oxidation and neutralization of acidic sulfate soil. The waste mainly contained Fe-doped CaCO 3 and CaAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH). After treatment, CAS neutralized the acidic soil with the aid of hydrogen peroxide. Compared with other oxidationaccelerating materials, including activated carbon, biochar, and Fe-doped biochar, CAS showed the best oxidation rate acceleration. When the ratio of CAS and sulfur in acidic soil was 1.5:1, the pH of the soil changed to 6.32 and the oxidation rate increased by 50%. The characterization results showed that the main products of CAS were CaMg oxides and Ca-Al LDH. The oxidation product (SO 4 2-) was intercalated into the LDH interlayers. The accelerated oxidation mechanism of CAS was divided into the following stages: accelerated Fenton oxidation; LDH adsorption of oxidized SO 4 2-; and neutralization of sulfuric acid by calcium carbonate. The main results of this work provide a high-value-added utilization method of solid waste for acidic soil remediation.

For the first time, Coral sand, as the main geotechnical material in reclamation, has the characteristics of loose and porous structure, relatively small volume and mass, easy to break and high compression, and high calcium carbonate, which may be a natural material to control acid release of acid soil. In this paper, by studying the neutralization effect of coral sand under different sand ratio, particle size and adding methods, the optimal dosage and particle size of coral sand and the adding sequence were determined under typical acid soil conditions; The neutralization performance of different neutralizing materials was compared through internal structure characterization, and the structural advantages of coral sand were explored. The results show that the specific surface area of coral sand was 1.2361m2g-1, second only to calcite and shell powder. The particles were evenly distributed and can fully react with sulfuric acid to produce CaSO4 precipitation. When the addition of coral sand was 9% (Ca: S = 18:5), the PASS can be neutralized to pH > 6.5. The PASS neutralization ability of coral sand was related to particle size. The overall trend was that the smaller the particle size, the stronger the neutralization ability. The best effect was at 0.15mm, when the particle size exceeded 0.27mm, the neutralization ability began to decline.